Energy and Exercise

Vocabulary flashcards covering quick energy, lactic acid fermentation, oxygen debt, long-term energy, cellular respiration, glycogen, and fat usage during exercise and hibernation.

Quick Energy

Energy for short bursts of intense activity, initially supplied by small amounts of ATP in cells (lasting a few seconds) and lactic acid fermentation (lasting about 90 seconds).

Lactic Acid Fermentation

A process that supplies enough ATP to last about 90 seconds of intense activity, but produces lactic acid that requires extra oxygen to remove.

Oxygen Debt

The built-up demand for extra oxygen following intense exercise, requiring a person to huff and puff for several minutes to clear lactic acid from the body.

Long-Term Energy

Energy pathway required for exercise lasting longer than 90 seconds, dependent on cellular respiration to continue ATP production.

Cellular Respiration

The metabolic pathway that continues ATP production during exercise lasting longer than 90 seconds, releasing energy more slowly than fermentation does.

Glycogen

A stored carbohydrate in the body that provides enough energy to last for 15 to 20 minutes of activity.

Fats

Stored energy molecules that the body begins to break down for fuel after 15 to 20 minutes of activity once glycogen stores are used.

Hibernating Animals

Animals such as the brown bear that rely on stored fat for energy while sleeping through the winter.