AP Art History: Late Antique, Byzantine, Islamic, and Medieval Art

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering required identifiers, dates, materials, and locations for works in AP Art History Units 4 and 5.

Merovingian looped fibulae

Early Medieval cloaking pins from the mid-6th century C.E. made of silver gilt worked in filigree, with inlays of garnets and other stones.

St. Matthew, Cross-Carpet Page (Lindisfarne Gospels)

An Early medieval (Hiberno-Saxon) manuscript illumination from c. 700 C.E. executed in ink, pigments, and gold on vellum.

St. Luke portrait page (Lindisfarne Gospels)

An Early medieval (Hiberno-Saxon) evangelist portrait from the Lindisfarne Gospels, c. 700 C.E., painted using ink, pigments, and gold on vellum.

St. Luke incipit page (Lindisfarne Gospels)

The opening text page for the Gospel of Luke in the Lindisfarne Gospels, dated c. 700 C.E., made of ink, pigments, and gold on vellum.

Church of Sainte-Foy

A Romanesque pilgrimage church in Conques, France, constructed out of stone between c. 1050 and 1130 C.E.

Last Judgement Tympanum, Church of Sainte-Foy

A Romanesque stone and paint relief above the portal of the Church of Sainte-Foy in Conques, France, depicting Christ presiding over the separation of the saved and the damned.

Reliquary of Sainte Foy

A Romanesque reliquary dating to c. 1050-1130 C.E. in Conques, France, crafted from gold, silver, gemstones, and enamel over a wooden core.

Bayeux Tapestry (First meal)

A Romanesque (English or Norman) narrative embroidery on linen from c. 1066-1080 C.E. showing Norman soldiers preparing and eating a meal.

Chartres Cathedral

A French Gothic cathedral in Chartres, France, originally constructed c. 1145-55 C.E. and reconstructed c. 1194-1220 C.E. out of limestone and stained glass.

Notre Dame de la Belle Verrière window

A Gothic stained glass lancet window in Chartres Cathedral depicting the Virgin Mary enthroned as the Queen of Heaven with the Christ Child in her lap.

Dedication Page with Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX of France

A Gothic illuminated manuscript page from a Bibles moralisées (Moralized bible), c. 1225-1245 C.E., made of ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum.

Scenes from the Apocalypse (Bibles moralisées)

Gothic illuminated manuscript medallions from a Moralized bible, c. 1225-1245 C.E., executed with ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum.

The Plagues of Egypt (Golden Haggadah)

An illuminated manuscript page depicting biblical plagues from Late medieval Spain, c. 1320 C.E., created using pigments and gold leaf on vellum.

Preparation for Passover (Golden Haggadah)

A Late medieval Spanish illuminated manuscript folio from c. 1320 C.E. illustrating scenes of Passover preparation using pigments and gold leaf on vellum.

Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel

A Proto-Renaissance chapel located in Padua, Italy, built c. 1303 C.E. out of brick with an interior fresco cycle painted by Giotto di Bondone.

Lamentation (Arena Chapel)

A Proto-Renaissance fresco by Giotto di Bondone in the Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel, c. 1303 C.E., depicting the grieving followers around the dead Christ.

Röttgen Pietà

A painted wood devotional sculpture from Late medieval Europe, c. 1300-1325 C.E., depicting the anguish of the Virgin Mary holding the dead body of Christ.

Catacomb of Priscilla (Orant Fresco)

A Late Antique fresco on excavated tufa dating from 200-400 C.E. in Rome, Italy, showing a veiled female figure praying with upraised arms.

Good Shepherd Fresco (Catacomb of Priscilla)

A Late Antique ceiling fresco located in the Greek Chapel of the Catacomb of Priscilla in Rome, Italy, dating from 200-400 C.E. on excavated tufa.

Santa Sabina (Plan)

The architectural plan of an Early Christian basilica church in Rome, Italy, constructed c. 422-432 C.E. out of bricks and stone with a wooden roof.

Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well (Vienna Genesis)

An Early Byzantine illuminated manuscript page from the early 6th century C.E., produced with tempera, gold and silver on purple vellum.

Jacob Wrestling the Angel (Vienna Genesis)

An Early Byzantine continuous narrative illumination from the early 6th century C.E., painted using tempera, gold and silver on purple vellum.

Hagia Sophia (Plan)

The central-domed architectural floor plan designed by Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus for the Byzantine basilica in Constantinople, built c. 532-537 C.E.

San Vitale

A centrally planned Byzantine church in Ravenna, Italy, dated c. 526-547 C.E., constructed of brick, marble, and stone veneer, and decorated with mosaics.

Theodora panel (San Vitale)

A Byzantine apse mosaic in San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, depicting Empress Theodora holding a jeweled golden chalice accompanied by court attendants.

Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore and George

A 6th-7th century C.E. Byzantine devotional icon depicting Mary seated with the Christ Child flanked by two saints, painted in encaustic on wood.

Anthropomorphic Stele

A Neolithic sandstone figurative marker from the 4th millennium B.C.E. discovered in the Arabian Peninsula.

Dome of the Rock

An Umayyad dynasty Islamic shrine in Jerusalem, completed 691-2 C.E. with renovations, built of stone masonry with a gilded dome, ceramic tile, and mosaics.

The Kaaba

A pre-Islamic granite cube structure in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, rededicated by Muhammad in 631-2 C.E., covered with a black silk curtain inscribed with gold and silver thread.

Great Mosque of Córdoba

An Umayyad dynasty hypostyle mosque in Cordoba, Spain, founded c. 785-6 C.E., characterized by two-tiered stone and brick horseshoe arches.

Alhambra

A hilltop fortress and palace complex constructed during the Nasrid dynasty in Granada, Spain, 1354-91 C.E., using whitewashed adobe, stucco, wood, tile, paint, and gilding.

Court of the Lions (Alhambra)

The central courtyard of the palace built by the Nasrid dynasty in the Alhambra, featuring an alabaster fountain supported by twelve sculpted lions.

Great Mosque of Isfahan (Masjid-e Jameh)

A four-iwan Islamic congregational mosque in Isfahan, Iran, dating from c. 700 C.E., built using stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile.

Mosque of Selim II

An Ottoman complex in Edirne, Turkey, designed by architect Sinan the Great between 1568-1575 CE out of brick and stone.

Pyxis of al-Mughira

An Umayyad ivory cylindrical container carved c. 968 C.E. with intricately detailed figural, courtly, and hunting medallions.

Folio from a Qur’an (Abbasid)

An Abbasid dynasty manuscript folio dating to c. 8-9th century C.E., inscribed with Arabic Kufic script in ink, color, and gold on parchment.

The Ardabil Carpet

A massive Safavid Islamic knotted-pile carpet from the Maqsud of Kashan, dated 1539-1540 C.E., made from silk and wool.

Basin (Baptistère de St. Louis)

A brass ceremonial bowl inlaid with gold and silver by Muhammad ibn al-Zain, dating to c. 1320-40 C.E., decorated with figures, court scenes, and animals.

Bahram Gur Fights the Karg

An Ilkhanid Persian folio from the Great Ilkhanid Shahnama, c. 1330-1340 C.E., executed in ink and opaque watercolor, gold and silver on paper.

The Court of Gayumars

A Persian miniature painting from Shah Tahmasp’s Shahnama by Sultan Muhammad, c. 1522-1525 C.E., rendered with ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper.