Fetal chest and heart

The normal heart will fill approximately ___ of the fetal chest.

one-third

The condition in which the heart is located outside the chest wall is termed:

Ectopic cordis

The most common fetal cardiac tumor is the:

Rhabdomyoma

Which of the following are fetal rhabdomyomas associated with?

Tuberous sclerosis

An EIF would most likely be associated with:

Trisomy 21

The moderator band is located within the:

Right ventricle

Which statement is true concerning fetal outflow tracts?

The normal pulmonary artery should be positioned anterior to the aorta and should be visualized crossing over it.

A coexisting pericardial effusion and a pleural effusion is consistent with the diagnosis of:

Fetal hydrops

All of the following are sonographic features of pentalogy of Cantrell except:

Omphalocele

Gastroschisis

Cleft sternum

Diaphragmatic defect

Gastroschisis

The most common cause of cardiac malposition is:

Diaphragmatic hernia

What structure shunts blood into the IVC from the umbilical vein?

Ductus venosus

What is described as the absence of the pulmonary valve, which in turn prohibits blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery and essentially to the lungs?

Pulmonary atresia

Eventration of the diaphragm is best described as:

A lack of muscle in the dome of the diaphragm

The fetal heart is fully formed by:

10 weeks

Which of the following is considered to be the most common cardiac defect?

VSD

Which of the following is a true statement about the fetal heart?

The apex of the heart will be angled to the right of the midline.

The apex of the heart is the portion closest to the spine.

The normal fetal heart will fill approximately two-third of the fetal chest.

The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the left atrium.

The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the left atrium.

An EIF is most often seen within the:

Left ventricle

he most common form of diaphragmatic hernia is the:

Foramen of Bochdalek

The most common sonographic appearance of pulmonary sequestration is a(n):

Triangular, echogenic mass within the chest

Tetralogy of Fallot consists of all of the following except:

Overriding aortic root

VSD

Pulmonary stenosis

Left ventricular hypertrophy

Left ventricular hypertrophy

What is the fetal shunt that connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch?

Ductus arteriosis

What is an opening within the septum that separates the right and the left ventricles?

VSD

Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using the:

LS ratio

A separate mass of nonfunctioning fetal lung tissue is referred to as:

Pulmonary sequestration

What is the term for underdevelopment of the lungs?

Pulmonary hypoplasia

The embryonic heart begins as:

Two tubes

The narrowing of the aortic arch is indicative of:

Coarctation of the aorta

Which of the following best describes transposition of the great vessels?

The aorta arises from the right ventricle, and the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle.

All of the following are sonographic signs of Ebstein anomaly except:

Enlarged right atrium

Fetal hydrops

Narrowing of the aortic arch

Malpositioned tricuspid valve

Narrowing of the aortic arch

What is the normal opening in the lower middle third of the atrial septum?

Foramen ovale

The sonographic “bat-wing” sign is indicative of

Pleural effusion

Which of the following is not a true statement about the normal fetal heart?

The ventricular septum should be uninterrupted and of equal thickness to the left ventricular wall.

There is a normal opening within the atrial septum.

Between the right ventricle and the right atrium, one should visualize the tricuspid valve.

The mitral valve is positioned closer to the cardiac apex than the tricuspid valve.

The mitral valve is positioned closer to the cardiac apex than the tricuspid valve.

What is the opening located right anteromedially within the diaphragm?

Foramen of Morgagni