special ed

midterm

Brown v Board of Ed year

1954

Brown v BoE significance

separate is inherently unequal

PARC v PA year

1972

PARC v PA significance

children with intellectual disabilities cannot be excluded from public schools

Mills v BoE of Columbia year

1972

Mills v BoE of Columbia significance

students with intellectual disabilities cannot be denied public education due to school’s funds

BoE v Rowley year

1982

BoE v Rowley significance

defined FAPE under federal law

year of Section 504

1973

Section 504 significance

first federal law to protect individuals with disabilities from discrimination across federally assisted programs using broader definition than IDEA

Larry P v Riles significance

restricted, challenge use of standardized intelligence tests for placing black students into classes for intellectually disabled

Lau v Nichols significance

non English speaking students must receive appropriate language instruction

Honig v Doe significance

affirmed ‘stay-put’ protections, prevent students from being expelled for disability related behavior

Endrew F significance

raised bar above ‘de minimis’ goals, IEP must be reasonably calculated to make progress

IDEA came from what

Education for all Handicapped Children Act, PL 94-142

EHA did what

define FAPE, LRE

ADA is what

Mandates public accessibility, non-discrimination, and

reasonable accommodations in public and private employment, public services, and facilities

ESSA

Requires states to establish challenging academic standards,assess student performance annually, and maintain accountability for low-performing student subgroups, including special education

Part C of IDEA

early intervention for infants and toddlers, birth through age 2, includes Zero Reject and Due Process

Standardized Achievement Tests

Norm-referenced tests measuring curriculum retention by comparing student scores against national age or grade peers, using percentile ranks or grade equivalents

Diagnostic tests

Individually administered assessments (e.g., Brigance, Key Math 3) designed to provide detailed insight into specific skill deficiencies to guide major educational decis

Criterion Referenced

Measure student attainment against specific learning standards or benchmarks rather than national norm

CBA/CBM

Measures student achievement directly linked to classroom-taught curricula, Decision rules dictate that if 4 out of the last 6 data points fall below the aimline, the student is not making adequate progress, signaling the need for an instructional change or intervention

High incidence

SLD is highest

The Five 'Big Ideas' in Beginning Reading

Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency & accuracy, vocabulary, and comprehension

independent practice guidelines

specific, systematic, individualized, and structured to guarantee high success rates and immediate feedback

Class groupings

TAPS, homogeneous, heterogeneous

TAPS stands for

total group, alone, partner, small group

mandatory IEP members

Parents, at least one regular education teacher, a Local Education Agency (LEA) representative with resource commitment authority, and an individual qualified to interpret evaluation results

timeline for IEP

An IEP goal must be measurable and designed to be attainable within one calendar year