Pubh Bio Knowledge Check 2

What is a Toxoid Vaccine?

For toxin secreting bacteria, toxin is neutralized and used in vaccine. The body learns to defend against the neutralized toxin

What is a conjugate vaccine?

For polysaccaride coated bacteria. Antigen or toxoids conjugated to a polysaccharide. Body learns to attack polysaccaride coating. (Requires refrigeration)

What is an Inactivated Vaccine?

Ability to replicate in the body, but virus is destroyed. (Require refrigeration)

What is a live attenuated vaccine?

Weakened form of pathogen is used to create an immune response (Require refrigeration)

What is a Subunit Vaccine?

Contains one or more antigen from surface proteins.

What is a DNA/RNA Vaccine?

Uses DNA/RNA sequence encoding antigen to stimulate immune response

What is a Viral Vector Vaccine

Sequencing encoding for the desired antigen inside another vector

What is Binary Fission

Its the asexual reproduction of bacteria, one parent divides into two daughter cells and no genetic material is created.

What is the relationship between binary fission and a bacterias environment?

Bacteria can divide slowly or rapidly depending on its environment

What are the two ways that bacteria an cause disease

Tissue Invasion Toxin invasion, immune evasion, adherence to host cell, rapid reproduction

What is tissue invasion

bacteria enter and multiply within host tissues, disrupt normal cell function and structure

What is Toxin production?

Toxins damage tissue and suppress or evade immune responses

What is immune evasion?

The bacteria prevents detection and destruction by the host immune defense

What is an adherence to a host cell?

Bacteria attaches securely to colonize host tissues

What is rapid reproduction?

Bacteria multiples fast to overwhelm host responses

What is the HIV life cycle?

Binding, fusion, reverse transcription, integration, replication, assembly, budding

What is a parasite?

Live on outside or inside a host organism, delivering nutrients at the hosts expense

What is Bacteria?

Single celled organisms that can cause illness by releasing toxins or damaging tissues

What is a virus?

An infectious agent that cannot reproduce on its own and must hijack internal machinery of a host cell