Purposive Communication: Local and Global Communication in Multicultural Settings

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering globalization, intercultural communication strategies, World Englishes, cultural sensitivity examples, and co-cultural identity concepts from the Purposive Communication lecture.

What is the meaning of the Japanese concept "ganbaru" presented in the lecture?

To be patient and calm when expecting the results of what you did, and trying to do the best that can be done.

What are the formatting and technical specifications required for the Reaction Paper activity?

The reaction paper must be $500\text{–}600$ words, set on A4 paper size, with $1.5$ line spacing and $1\text{”}$ margins.

What are the two basic organizational patterns introduced for writing a reaction paper?

"Author and You" or "Author VS You".

How has digital technology revolutionized the concept of a "stranger" in global communication?

It has erased territorial boundaries among countries and varying cultures, transforming people who were once strangers into co-workers, classmates, or friends (sometimes exclusively through social media).

How is the gesture of showing the sole of a shoe interpreted across different cultures?

In most Western and Asian countries, it carries no meaning, but in Muslim cultures (such as Saudi Arabia), it is perceived as an insult.

In which country is crossing one's legs while seated viewed as a social blunder?

Korea (whereas it is customary for Westerners).

How does Taiwanese culture interpret someone blinking rapidly while another person talks?

It is considered impolite, even though it is considered normal during tense situations in many other cultures.

Why can an American's reaction to receiving a business card insult a Japanese counterpart?

Japanese people view a business card as an extension of their body and hand it over carefully with two hands; they feel insulted when the recipient puts it away with haste as a mere formality.

According to Tejada (2017) in "Refusing to be Alone Together," what negative attitude has emerged from modern social media usage?

The proliferation of fabricated or exaggerated emotions solely to receive "likes," comments, and social acceptance, rather than communicating authentic thoughts and feelings.

How does Celce-Murcia (2014) define "World Englishes"?

The regionally distinct varieties of English that have arisen in parts of the world where there is a long and often colonial history of English being used in education, commerce, and government.

How many Filipino-coined words were added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2015 under Philippine English?

$40$ words, including "balikbayan", "high blood", "carnap", "gimmick", "despedida", and "dirty kitchen".

According to Kirkpatrick (2007), what are the two opposing extremes characterizing the challenge of World Englishes?

Extreme 1: The goal of national or regional identity; Extreme 2: The goal of intelligibility.

In the context of balancing regional identity and global intelligibility, what is "code-switching"?

The practice of using English and another language within the same statement.

How is "culture" defined in the lecture?

A system of knowledge, beliefs, values, customs, behavior, and artifacts that are acquired, shared, and used by members of a given society.

What is the definition of "multiculturalists"?

Persons who are respectful of and engaged with people from distinctly different cultures.

What does the term "culturally confused" describe?

Lacking an understanding of cultural differences.

What is the difference between international communication and interethnic communication?

International communication occurs between persons representing different nations, while interethnic communication occurs between individuals of different ethnic origins.

What is a "co-culture"?

Groups of persons who differ in some ethnic or sociological way from other groups within the same (parent) culture.

What is the co-cultural communication strategy of "assimilation"?

The means by which co-culture members attempt to fit in with the members of a dominant culture, sometimes abandoning their own identity to adopt dominant behavioral patterns.

What is the co-cultural communication strategy of "accommodation"?

The means by which co-culture members maintain their cultural identity while striving to establish relationships with members of the dominant culture.

What is the co-cultural communication strategy of "separation"?

The means that co-culture members use to resist interacting with members of a dominant culture and isolate themselves.

What are examples of assimilation, accommodation, and separation in the workplace?

Assimilation: A non-coffee drinker drinking coffee with officemates; Accommodation: Wearing a sari to work; Separation: Eating lunch alone.

Which two specific groups were cited as examples of practicing the strategy of separation?

Hassidic Jews (restraining contact with outsiders) and a tribe of Mangyans on Mindoro island in the Philippines (resisting outside cultural intervention).

How does "ethnocentrism" differ from "cultural relativism"?

Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view one's own culture as superior to all others, while cultural relativism is the acceptance of other cultural groups as equal in value to one's own.

What is the difference between the "melting pot philosophy" and "cultural pluralism"?

The melting pot philosophy views that different cultures should be assimilated into the dominant culture, whereas cultural pluralism allows cultures to blend with the dominant culture without losing their unique identity.

What historical examples of correcting cultural insensitivity were made in Disney productions?

The Big Bad Wolf in "The Three Little Pigs" had its voice changed from a heavy Jewish accent to a falsetto voice, and the opening song lyrics of "Aladdin" were altered following complaints by the American-Arab Anti-Discriminatory Committee.