COMPTIA A+ CORE 1 PORT & PROTOCOLS

TCP Protocol

When someone says it's a TCP based protocol, it means that the connection is reliable and it guarantees the data to be transferred...it's called a "connection oriented communication" & ensures the data gets there using acknowledgements.

UDP Protocol

Does not guarantee data transfer...it's a best effort. It basically sends data and hopefully the receiver gets the data. If they get it then they get it, but if they don't then too bad...the server won't be resending it.

PORT 20/21

FTP (File Transfer Protocol), TCP used to transfer files over authenticated connections

PORT 69

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol), UDP it does't guarantee the data like TCP of FTP, but it's quicker. There is no authentication or encryption. You probably use this more to connect to network devices. For example, I'm going to connect my computer to the router and update its operating system is where this is typically used

PORT 22

SSH (Secure Shell),TCP provides encrypted command line access by creating a secure tunnel

PORT 23

Telnet, TCP, administrators use to connect remotely to a server and issue commands via a command-line interface. Telnet is not commonly used in networks anymore because all of the commands sent back and forth to the server are passed without any encryption or protection. Therefore, telnet is a security risk and has been mostly replaced by SSH (Port 22)

PORT 25

SMTP (Send Mail Transfer Protocol), TCP an SMTP server uses the SMTP protocol to send emails from one server to another. If your mail client cannot send an email properly, it is likely an issue with your SMTP server.

PORT 53

DNS (Domain Name System), TCP/UDP this is what translates those domain names to ip address...without it the internet wouldn't work

PORT 80

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), TCP is used to transfer webpages in the clear

PORT 443

HTTPS (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure), TCP is used for HTTPS traffic. Therefore, this port must be opened. This is secure web browsing over SSL or TLS

PORT 110

POP3 (Post Office Protocol), TCP is used to download incoming mail

PORT 143

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol), TCP is used to synchronize incoming mail

PORT 3389

RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol), TCP/UDP is used to securely remote access a Windows desktop

PORT 427

SLP (Service Location Protocol), TCP used for Windows to find the different devices and connections within your network

PORT 548

AFP (Apple Filing Protocol), TCP provides file sharing capabilities to macOS devices

PORT 161/162

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), UDP is used to query, configure, and monitor host on LAN

PORT 67/68

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), UDP allows you get to an ip address automatically