Jackson's Absolute Monarchs Knowt
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144 Terms
1
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Who was Bishop Jacques Bossuet
A French man who believed that divine right came from god and that the kings represent gods will on earth.
2
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How was King Philip II popularty
not popular
3
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What was the purpose of a bureaucracy
The purpose was to divide respobilty but not power.
4
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Which family was Philip II from?
The Hapsburgs
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what were the Hapsburgs?
A rich cathloic family.
6
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Who decided to divde the Hasburg empire?
Charles V
7
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Who gotAustria and Germany
Frianad
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Who got Spain, the Netherlands, Southern Italy, and overseas empire?
Philip II
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What does Philip spend his money on?
The army and navy.
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What was the Reconquista?
campaign to drive Muslims from Spain
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What religon was Spain?
Cathloic
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What church did England create
Angolan
13
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What starts the Spanish Otttoman war
Philip wanted to covert the Ottman empire to catholism and he also wants to test his military.
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What starts the English Spanish war
Religon
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Who was Philip II maried to
Mary
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What does Philip II try to do
claim the English throne but he fails
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Who becomes queen after Mary?
Elizabeth I
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What does Philp II try to do after failing to cliam the throne.
He tries to Mary Eliabeth and fails
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What does Philip need to take England
A navy
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What causes the Spanish invasion to fail
Bad weather which alows the English to knock out the spanish Armada
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What does the failed invasion cause
The decline of Spains reputation.
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What alowed for Spains golden age
Spanish wealth.
23
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What is the Escorial?
Philip II built one of Spain's most famous buildings between 1575-1581. This structure was once a monastery, palace, center of government, school, and a royal cemetery.
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Who is El Greco?
A Greek that believed in Catholicism and showed it in his artwork
25
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What did Miguel de Cervantes write?
Don Quixote
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What is Don Quixote about?
follows journey of bumbling landowner who is trying to become knighted and right every wrong
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Who is Don Quixote squire
Sancho Panza
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What does Don Quionte try to do
Attack goat and he tries to attack wind farms which causes his death. He also falls in love with a prostitute.
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What begins the decilne of Spain.
Spains dept, inflation, growing population.
30
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What was a negative factor of the reconquista
The reconquista caused vaulbe workers to leave.
31
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What did the the lack of workers lead to.
Spanish money being traded and leaving spain.
32
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What was a problem in the spanish tax system.
Nobles did not have to pay taxes.
33
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What is a spanish guild for?
Protecting the qualty of worers and products.
34
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What do you need to eneter a spanish guild?
ou have to be an apprentice and the apprenticeship ends when the apprentice knows as much as the master.
35
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How did guilds effect prices
Guilds increased pricies whcih caused people to buy forgin goods.
36
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What religon were the Dutch.
Calvinist
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What was the cause of the Dutch revolt.
taxes,religon and they thought Spain was weak miltarly and finacly.
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How long did the Ducth revolt last
11 years
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Why did Spain give in to the Dutch revolt
It was to exspensive.
40
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Who was Rembrandt van Rijn?
A Dutch artist who specialized in painting, drawing, and etching
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Who was Jan Vermeer?
dutch artist who painted ordinary things
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What did Dutch art vaule.
The middle class.
43
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What was the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
massacre of about 20,000 Hugeuenots at the wedding of Navarre and Cathren Demedeche.
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What religon did Henry follow?
Protestantism
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How did cathloic feal.
Angry.
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What did the cathloics try to do.
Fail to kill the king but kill alot of nobles.
47
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What is Henrys title
Henry IV
48
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What danasty is started because of Henry IV
The Burbon dnasty
49
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What does Henry IV convert to?
Cathloism
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What does Henry IV say after converting
Paris is worth a mass
51
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Why does Henry IV convert
He wants a peaceful furture for France.
52
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How do the hugenots feel.
Betrayed
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What does Henry IV do to appeal to the Hugenots.
The Edict of Nantes
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What is the Edict of Nantes?
Declaration of religious toleration
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How did Henry IV die?
He was assassinated by Cathloic rebels
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How does Louis XIII aviod responsibility?
He gave some of it to Cardinal Richelieu.
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How does Cardinal Richelieu get more power.
He tries to get the king more power.
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How does Cardinal Richelieu weaken Protestants and Hugenots and Nobles.
He tells them that they cant have walls.
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How did Cardinal Richelieu effect Intendats.
He gave them power which made them loay to Cardinal Richelieu.
60
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What did France do in the thrity years war?
They weakened the Habsburgs.
61
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What is skepticism?
the idea that nothing can ever be known for certain
62
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Who is Michel de Montaigne?
He created the essay.
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Rene Descartes
17th century French philosopher; wrote Discourse on Method; 1st principle "i think therefore i am"; believed mind and matter were completly seperate; known as father of modern rationalism
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Who helps Louis XIV
Cardinal Marzin
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What does Cardinal Marzin do.
He raises takes on nobles and strengthens the monarchys power
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What causes the Fronde.
A failed revolt.
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Why did the Fronde fail?
fighting occurred between leaders of the revolt
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How did Mazarin attempt to quell the Dronde?
He killed anyone who reblied agansit the king
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L etat cest moi
"I am the State" -Louis XIV
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Jean Baptiste Colbert
An economic advisor to Louis XIV; he supported mercantilism and tried to make France economically self-sufficient. Brought prosperity to France.
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What is mercantilism?
An economic system where the government regulates trade for its own benefit at the expense of its rivals.
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What is Versailles?
the huge, elaborate palace that became the symbol of the greatness of Louis XVI
73
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What happens after the death of Charles II.
Philip of Anju takes the throne and causes the merge of Spain and France.
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What happens after the merge of Spain and France.
The grand alliance attacks Spain and France.
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How does the War of Spanish Succession end?
A draw and the treaty of Utrecht.
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What does the treaty of Utrecht do.
Says that a Burboon can not sit on the throne of both France and Spain. France is restricted to pre-war borders. Britain gets control of GIbaltar.
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How does Louis XIV effect France?
He makes France the domaniat power in Europe. Since they were the dominant power they were fighting often. Wars were expensive and France spent a lot of money on wars.
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How was Louis XIV rule.
peacful.
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How were the Habsburgs effected by the 30 years war.
They suffred a deafeat.
80
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What is a serf?
peasant tied to the land they farmed or worked
81
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How were western serfs
They were allowed to leave their lands and go to the cities and some countries outlawed serfdom.
82
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How were serfs in central Eroupe?
In central Europe, serfs were forced to work.
83
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How was Western Europe able to industralise
western serfs were free they were allowed to go to the factories
84
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What territories was Chaerls VI able to reconquer.
Hungary, Italy, Croatia, and Germany.
85
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Why was ruling diffcult for Charles VI
Multipule ethnicities and religions
86
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Who was Charles VI daughter
Maria Theresa
87
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Did Charles VI have a son
no
88
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How did Maria Theresa estbalish legeitmacy
by Charles IV making the rulers promise to do so.
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What rivalry did Maria Theresa have.
A rivalry with the Hohenzollern family in Prussia.
90
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Who was the ruller of Prussia
Frederick William
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Frederick William nick name
"The Great Elector
92
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What is Prussias idea of power
The military
93
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How does Fredrick william convince the nobles to be taxed
by promissing them postions in the military
94
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How does Fredrick william punish his son
by killing his friend and making him watch.
95
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What was the conflict between Prussia and Austria
It was a conflict between Sliesia an area with raw materials and industry.
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How does Maria Theresa convice Hungary to ally with Austria
By using her newborn child.
97
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Who does Austria get help from
The britsh
98
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Who becomes King after Eliabeth I
James I
99
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Who starts the Steward Dynasty
James I
100
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What did the English throne spend their money on.
the colonies