AP Lang Vocab

Diction

Choice of words

synonym: word choice

Defy

To treat someone or something as if they were a god

synonym: worship

antonym: condemn

Visceral

Deep instinctive gut feelings

synonym: instinctive

antonym: rational

Inviolable

Unable to be violated, broken, or changed

synonym: immutable

antonym: violable

Intrinsic

An essential, inner part of something; naturally belonging to something

synonym: inherent

antonym: extrinsic

Clause

A group of words containing a subject & a verb

Parallelism

Using the same grammatical structure for related words or ideas

Anaphora

Repeating a word or phrase at the beginning of successive sentences or clauses for emphasis

Passive Voice

a sentence structure in which the subject receives the action rather than preforming it

Periodic Sentence

A sentence that delays it’s main idea until the end, often creating suspense or emphasis

Telegraphic

An incredibly short sentence, usually shorter than 5 words

synonym: concise; short

antonym: lengthy; short

Pronoun

A word that takes place of a noun or noun phrase

1st person: I, me, my, mine

2nd person: you, your, yours

3rd person: we, us, our, they, them, their

Imperative

A sentence that gives a command or direction

synonym: command

antonym: question

Run-on

A sentence that has two or more improperly joined independent clauses; they forgot the semi colon

synonym: fused sentence, comma space

antonym: proper sentence

Fragment

An incomplete sentence; missing either subject or verb

synonym: incomplete

antonym: complete

Satire

Using humor (wit, irony, sarcasm) to expose or criticize vice/flaws (of a person, society, or institution).

synonym: mockery

antonym: praise

Irony

Using words to express something other than, and usually the opposite of the literal meaning

synonym: sarcasm

antonym: praise

Euphemism

Substituting an agreeable or flattering term in place of an unpleasant or negative term

Solace

Comfort and relief, consolation

synonym: comfort

antonym: stress

Semantics

The study of the meaning of words and phrases

synonym: linguistics

Antithesis

Parallel Statements that contrast two opposite ideas

Keenly

In an intense, sharp, or perceptive way

synonym: Intensely

antonym: mildly

To belie

To give false impression of

synonym: Contradict; hide

antonym: affirm; support

Exile

The state of being forced to leave ones home or country

synonym: banishmenta

antonym: Welcome

Misery

Extreme unhappiness, suffering or distress

synonym: anguish

antonym: tranquility; peace

Polysyndeton

A repeated/excessive use of conjunctions like & or bewteen clauses, words, or phrase

Inverted

Reversing the normal order of words; yoda speak

synonym: reversed

To deduct

To subtract from a total

synonym: subtract

antonym: add

Recompense

To give payment for a loss, injury, or harm

synonym: compensation; payment

antonym: penalty; fine