Chem - Ch.4 - Types of reactions & examples

Precipitation reaction

Double replacement

Acid-base Neutralization reaction

Double replacement

Gas formation

Double replacement

Oxidation-Reduction (redox)

Single, combustion, decomposition, combination

Precipitate Rxn

2 compounds react to form an insoluble solid compound (precipitate - Looks cloudy)

Neutralization Rxn w/ salt

Acid(aq) + Base(aq) → H₂O(l) + salt

Salt is any _____ compound

Ionic

Neutralization rxn w/ salt always produces ____

Heat

Gas formation

An unstable compound is produced & the compound immediately decomposes into new chemicals

H₂CO₃(aq) →

CO₂(g) + H₂O(l)

H₂SO₃(aq) →

SO₂(g) + H₂O(l)

NH₄OH(aq) →

NH₃(g) + H₂O(l)

Is the bolded compound stable or unstable?

K₂CO₃(aq) + HCl(aq) → KCl(aq) + H₂CO₃(aq)

Unstable

Oxidation-Reduction (Redox)

Transfer of electrons resulting in the change of the oxidation state(charge)

Oxidation is the ___ of electrons

loss

Reduction is the ___ of electrons

gain

Oxidation rules - An element in natural state = ___

Zero

Oxidation rules - Monoatomic ions = _____

Ionic Charges

Oxidation rules - Sum of oxidation states in a formula = _____________

Overall Charge of formula

Oxidation rules - Oxygen tends to = _____-

-2 in compounds

Oxidation rules - Hydrogen tends to = ______

+1 in compounds

What reaction type is only sometimes Redox?

Double Replacement

A reaction occurs when the _____ element is ____ active than the action it is trying to replace

Free, more (Above)

Activity series - metals are listed in decreasing order of ____

activity