Healthcare Informatics and Data Analytics

what is technology?

- The practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area

- A capability given by the practical application of knowledge

- A manner or accomplishing a task especially using technical processes, methods or knowledge

- The specialized aspects of a particular field of endeavor

what is information technology?

technology involving the development, maintenance, and use of computer systems, software, and networks for processing and distribution of data.

what is digital technology?

Electronic tools and infrastructure used in the creation and storage of data

what is digital transformation?

Incorporation of digital technology into a business strategy including modernization of processes, operations and technology.

- Enables continual and rapid innovation

- A business initiative to incorporate technology

- Modernizes processes, products and operational workflows to incorporate technology

- Enable continual innovation

- A business transformation to continue to modernize an organizations use of technology

- Creates a digital framework including monitoring KPI's and adapting as needed

- Aimed at improving customer experience, empowering employees and achieving business goals

what is digital technology in physical therapy?

... used to support clinical decision making, delivery of services, and practice management

what are the different types of healthcare IT/technology?

- EMR

- Game Technology

- Sensory Rehab technology

- Smart Equipment

- Healthcare apps

- Wearable devices: Smartwatches and Fitness Trackers, Skin Sleeves, Sensors, Fall detection devices

- Patient Physiologic Monitoring - Remote Patient Monitoring

- Telerehabilitation

- Virtual and Augmented technology

- Robotic technology

- Virtual Reality

- AI and machine learning

what is healthcare IT and why is it important for PTs?

- Implementation of technology of technology in PT allows for precise, customized care to be provided to every patient: Improves treatment plans, Allows data to be easily accessed to customize treatment, Monitors patient progress during PT visits and remotely, Improves accessibility to care

- Rapid changes in care delivery

- Manages the exchange of health information

- Facilitates the storage and transmission of data

5 documented benefits of healthcare technology =

- enhanced patient outcomes

- improved patient care

- support clinical research

- manage costs

- population health date

what is healthcare informatics?

the science of how to use data, information, and knowledge to improve human health and the delivery of health care services.

8 roles of healthcare informatics =

- How to utilize and optimize an EMR

- Identifying opportunities for incorporating technology into care

- Develop specs for build needed for technology to pass over to IT an analysts

- Defining and standardizing clinical workflows

- Identifying gaps in care

- Developing Clinical Decision Support Models to support practice

- Analyzing data sets

- Support clinical end users with integration of technology to practice

the problem: concerns were identified with inpatient PT documentation, such as what 3 things?

- Time consuming: therapist dissatisfaction, Too many clicks

- Timeliness with Documentation: completed in batches as opposed to real time documentation, Resulted in potential delays in patient care and discharge

- Documentation Errors

the solution to documentation was voice to text documentation, how was it implemented?

- Analysis of PT workflow

- Assessment of readiness of PTs to use the technology

- Analysis of microphones: Desktop, Mobile

- Creation of PT specific commands

- Training

the solution to documentation was voice to text documentation, what is the utilization?

- Available for both evaluation and treatment visits

- Analysis of documentation time: Initial time of documentation, Length of time for documentation

what is ambient listening?

Voice Recognition technology utilizing AI to listen, interpret and analyze conversations

- More than voice recognition

- More than dictation

- Allows information to be captured and generated

- Clinicians spend more time with patients

- The future of clinical documentation??

5 other clinical uses of technology =

- Note templates

- Macros

- Integration with Outcome Measures

- Patient history summarization/Chart Review

- Benchmarking

4 non-clinical uses of technology for PT =

- Patient Scheduling

- Patient Check-In

- Patient Reported Surveys

- Patient Reported Outcome Measures

what is data analytics?

the utilization of historic and current data to improve patient care

what is data analytics utilized to do?

- Create actionable components of patient care

- Improve decision making

- Optimize outcomes

- Improve the patient experience

what is data analytics utilized for?

- Individual patient care

- Population care

- Healthcare administration proces

big data is large pools of data that can be analyzed to do what 3 things?

- identify patterns

- demonstrate trends

- find associations

what are the 3 V's of big data?

- volume

- velocity

- variety

what are examples of big data?

- Healthy People

- CDC Epidemiology Data

- Large scale research data

7 big data sources =

- Smart devices

- Social media

- Websites

- Business Transaction

- Machinery/Devices

- Healthcare

- Government

4 ways big data and data analytics are used in healthcare =

Predictive analytics/models

- Uses historical data to predict potential future outcomes

- Useful for induvial patients or populations

Data mining

- Identification of clinical patterns from data sets

Prescriptive analytics/models

- Suggests options for achieving outcome or avoiding risk based upon data

- Useful for individual patients or populations

AI

- Machine learning - uses algorithms within data sets to allow AI to "learn"

2 descriptive analytics =

- census and visits

- use of a mobility tech

2 diagnostic analytics =

- turn around time

- missed visits

what does predictive analytics do?

- Utilized to identify patterns in big data sets: Improves outcomes particularly for patient with chronic disease diagnoses

- Informs care with real time patient data: Helps to provide the right care for the right patient at the right time

- Identifies patient risk: May identify potential patient falls risk

- Tracks progress toward goals

- Allows for comparison with benchmarking

- Predicts length of stay

what is the AM-PAC 6 clicks?

a determine basic mobility skills of a patient in an acute care setting

- Functional impairment can determine the degree of a patient's functional impairment

- Lower scores have been utilized to determine discharge recommendation

how do we embed the "6 clicks" in an EMR?

- Allows for discrete data field which can be reported, analyzed and compared

- Predictive Analysis can be utilized to assist PT with Clinical Decision Making as part of discharge planning

what is some information that has been proven to predict falls risk from using large data sets and predictive analysis?

- Historical falls risk data from EMRs

- Clinical assessment data

- Mobility assessment

- Self-reported patient questionnaires

6 other predictive analytics =

- Benchmarking

- Hospital Length of Stay

- Discharge Disposition

- Enhanced treatment planning /Personalized treatment

- Improve Recovery Predictions

- Wearable Technology

- Functional Status

- Operational efficiencies

what is artificial intelligence (AI)?

the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings

4 components of an AI model

Machine Learning

- Utilization of algorithms and data-sets to improve performance

Computer Vision

- Processing of Visual information

Natural Language Processing

- Understanding of language to generate information

AI chatbots/Large Language Models

- Simulate dialogue to deliver responses

7 areas to innovate with AI =

- Documentation

- Therapeutic activity/exercise instruction and tracking

- Data driven care

- Predictive Analytics

- Schedule

- Compliance

- Reimbursement - Claims processing

4 areas for concern with AI =

- Access

- Literacy regarding the use of AI: How to effectively use AI, Do not blindly accept output

- Data Privacy

- Rapid advancement

what is "human in the loop" in AI?

Requiring an interaction by a human to participate in the operation, supervision or decision-making of an automated system

- Ensuring correct decisions are made by selection of most critical data

- Human insight inserted into the system

- Allows automation while including precision and ethics of human thinking

benefits of human in the loop =

- Accuracy and reliability

- Ethical decision making

- Accountability

- Transparency

- Explainability

concerns of human in the loop =

- Bias

- Model Capability

- Scalability

- Cost

- Privacy & Security

- Inconsistency

- Human Error

4 areas AI is used in PT =

- clinical practice: motion analysis, DDx, predict injury, assist with clinical assessments/diagnoses, generate individualized treatment plans

- documentation: generate note from flowsheets, ambient listening

- administrative tasks: scheduling

- billing and claims adminstration

patient advantages of digital therapy =

- Improved patient access

- Increased patient engagement

- Better patient outcomes

- More personalized care

clinician advantages of digital therapy =

- Scheduling flexibility

- Improved patient access: Including certified specialists

- Increased patient engagement

- Data access to better inform care

- Improved productivity

- Access to data: Individual patient, Population

10 concerns with digital therapy =

- Rapid evolution of tools

- Evidence based tools and therapy

- Accessibility for patients (Digital Divide)

- Digital literacy

- Future reimbursement

- Ethical concerns - "right tool at the right time for the right patient?"

- Privacy, data confidentially and security

- Cybersecurity

- Rapidly changing regulations

- Impact of the loss of human interaction and touch