Lymphatic Review guide TEXT BOOK/ MIRA TOPICS

What are the three main functions of the lymphatic system.

Fluid recovery, Lipid absorption and, Immunity

Why does it matter that the endothelium of capillaries are only one cell layer thick?

minimizes the diffusion distance for materials moving between the blood and surrounding tissues.

Describe what osmotic pressure is. Now, explain what hydrostatic pressure is?

Osmotic Pressure​ : The pressure across the membrane​ The water wants to move to the right to equal out the concentrate, so the pressure is higher on the left​ In the blood the big solutes are: Albumin (protein)

Hydrostatic Pressure: Hydrostatic pressure is the physical force exerted by a fluid at rest or in motion against the walls of a container, vessel, or conduit.​

What is the CHP and COP at the arteriole and venule end of a capillary?

the Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure (CHP) is ~35 mm Hg and the Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure (BCOP/COP) is ~25 mm Hg. At the venule (venous) end, the CHP drops to ~18 mm Hg, while the COP remains constant at ~25 mm Hg.

Does filtration actually ever exactly equal reabsorption?

no, filtration does not exactly equal reabsorption Across the systemic capillary beds, filtration always slightly outpaces reabsorption.

What exactly is interstitial fluid? Where does it go if it is not reabsorbed into the capillary?

nterstitial fluid is the watery liquid that fills the microscopic spaces surrounding and between the cells in your tissues

If excess interstitial fluid is not reabsorbed directly back into the blood capillaries, it drains into the lymphatic system

What are lacteals? Where are they found?

Lacteals are specialized lymphatic capillaries that absorb dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive tract

What are the primary and secondary lymphatic organs?

Primary lymphatic organs: Red Bone Marrow and Thymus

Secondary lymphatic organs: Lymph nodes, Tonsilis and, spleen

What is the function of the spleen?

Left side of the body just beneath diaphragm, curling around anterior aspect of stomach. Extracts aged and defective blood cells and platlet, Macrophages remove debris and foreign matter from blood​.

What is the function of the thymus gland?

• Secretes hormones thymosin and thymopoietin – causing T cells to function against specific pathogens​.

• Functions strictly in T cell maturation, so it is the only lymphoid organ that doesn’t directly fight antigens​.

What is the function of a fever?

• Defense mechanism: does more good than harm​. Accelerating metabolic rate and tissue repair​. Inhibiting pathogen reproduction​. A cytokine, interleukin 1, called a pyrogen​. Secreted by macrophages, stimulates anterior hypothalamus to secrete PGE which resets body thermostat higher​.

What is the function of inflammation?

The function of inflammation is to serve as a vital defense mechanism that eliminates the initial cause of cell injury, clears out dead cells and damaged tissue, and initiates tissue repair to restore normal body function.

What are two differences between the innate and adaptive immunity?

Innate immunity is non-specific, meaning it reacts generally to all germs and threat patterns in the same way. Adaptive immunity is pathogen-specific, meaning it tailors a targeted response to recognize and fight a specific, individual.

What are the five classes of antibodies?

IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE and IgD