labman semi's p2

Data

Are the raw elements, or single facts, that by themselves have no meaning, but when organized, they have the potential to reveal information

Information

It is a data that have been processed, sorted, and presented

Information system

A collection of interlinked and department parts that are organized to collect and input data

Computer-based information system (CBIS)

An information system that uses the components and technology of computers

Computer hardware

The physical parts of a computer

Input devices

Mechanisms whereby the computer receives data

Central processing unit (CPU)

The electonic portion of the computer, includes the controlling unit, quantitative analysis, and data processing unit

Output devices

Mechanisms such as printers and CRT that allows computer to disseminate information

I/O

Also known as input-output devices (e.g computer, printer, CRT)

Main memory

Primary storage space inside CPU

Peripheral storage devices

The secondary storage devices such as floppy disk

Read only memory (ROM)

Part of the memory that is permanently protected from being modified

Random access memory (RAM)

Part of the memory that is not protected from alterations

Hard disk

A disk stored inside the CPU, used for the main operating programs of the computer

Floppy disk

A removable flexible plastic disk, used to store information external to the CPU

Optical disk

Laser read compact disk

Disk drive

An electronic unit that allows data and information to be extracted and entered the disk

Software

The instructions given to the computer to perform its task

Applications software

Programs designed to meet specific needs for the users

Systems software

Programs designed to control and run the operating systems of the computer

Machine language

Binary-coded language used directly by the computer (e.g 0,1,0,1)

Programming language

A language used to write software for the computer; allows them to be written in English

Bytes

The storage units of a computer

Bits

Subunits of bytes

Local area network (LAN)

A computer network that connects computer and their equipment in a confine area

Wide area network (WAN)

A computer network that connects computers and their equipment over a large, disbursed geographical area

Host based LIS

A local area network interfaced with a central controlling CPU

Client server LIS

And open system that allows users to tap into LIS with their interdependent computer systems

Laboratory information system (LIS)

A complete network of computer components designed to incorporate all aspects of the informational needs of the laboratory

Systems analysis and design

The formal process of studying a problem and creating a solution

Systems hardware diagram

A document that diagrams the computer hardware components of an information system

Systems flow chart

A pictorial depiction of the system as a complete whole

Procedural flow chart

Graphic presentation of an individual task

Logic flow chart

An in depth analysis of the sequencing of logical or mathematical steps

Deployment flow diagram

A flow chart that spreads out the format horizontally