Disaster Risk Reduction, Environmental Protection, and Citizenship Training

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from global biomass studies, Republic Act No. 10121, Philippine citizenship values and flag code, sustainable agriculture and food security, and disaster risk reduction frameworks.

Global Human Biomass Share

The total mass of the human race, which accounts for just $0.01\%$ of all biomass on Earth.

Mammalian Biomass Distribution

The proportion of global mammal biomass by weight, where $60\%$ are livestock (mostly cattle and pigs), $36\%$ are humans, and $4\%$ are wild mammals.

Avian Biomass Distribution

The biomass breakdown of birds on Earth, consisting of $70\%$ poultry (chickens and other poultry) and $30\%$ wild birds.

Republic Act No. 10121

The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010, approved on May 27, 2010, which shifted national policy from reactive disaster response to proactive disaster risk reduction and management.

State of Calamity

A condition declared by the President or local sanggunian involving mass casualty, major property damage, and disruption of livelihoods, roads, and normal life due to natural or human-induced hazards.

Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (LDRRMF)

A statutory fund of not less than $5\%$ of an LGU's estimated revenue from regular sources, allocated to support disaster risk management activities, with $30\%$ allocated as a Quick Response Fund.

Quick Response Fund (QRF)

A stand-by allocation comprising $30\%$ of the DRRM fund designated for immediate relief and recovery programs to quickly normalize living conditions in disaster-stricken areas.

Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030

A global 15-year voluntary agreement adopted on March 18, 2015, in Sendai, Japan, setting 7 global targets and 4 priorities for action to reduce disaster risk and losses.

Tropical Storm Ondoy (Ketsana)

A 2009 tropical storm that dumped $448.5\,mm$ of rain in 12 hours over Metro Manila, causing extreme flooding exacerbated by rapid urbanization, riverbed silting, waterway encroachment, and ground subsidence.

Article 51 of the Water Code of the Philippines

A law setting public use easements along riverbanks and shores of $3\,m$ in urban areas, $20\,m$ in agricultural areas, and $40\,m$ in forest areas, where building structures is prohibited.

Republic Act No. 8491

The Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines, which prescribes rules for the proper display, reverence, and protocol regarding the national flag, anthem, motto, coat-of-arms, and heraldic items.

Philippine National Motto

"Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa", incorporated into the Panunumpa ng Katapatan sa Watawat ng Pilipinas recited after the National Anthem.

Half-Mast Flag Protocol

An official mourning protocol where the national flag must be raised to the top of the pole before being lowered to half-mast, and raised to the top again before lowering for the day.

Promotion of Common Good

A core citizenship value rooted in human dignity and solidarity, requiring individual rights to be exercised within a community framework that accounts for the needs of all and the poor.

A Lesson in Justice

An inspirational story where the Shah resolves a dispute over buried gold by marrying the buyer's son to the seller's daughter and gifting them the treasure, contrasting with King Alexander's policy of seizing treasure for the crown.

GEO-6 (Global Environment Outlook 6)

The 2019 UN Environment assessment outlining critical global environmental threats including overpopulation, rapid urbanization, food waste, climate change, and biodiversity loss.

Sustainable Agriculture

An integrated system of plant and animal production practices (defined in the 1990 Farm Bill) that satisfies human food needs, enhances environmental quality, maintains economic viability, and improves quality of life.

Three Legs of Sustainability

A metaphor for sustainable agriculture requiring a balanced consideration of three equal pillars: economics, environment, and community.

Food Security

A condition existing when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet dietary needs and preferences for an active, healthy life.

Four Components of Food Security

The core supporting pillars of food security defined by the Food Climate Research Network: Food Availability, Food Access, Food Utilisation, and Stability.

Urban and Backyard Gardening

Hyper-localized food cultivation methods in urban or home spaces that cut transport carbon emissions, improve access to fresh produce, foster community building, and enhance local food security.

Hazard

Any phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition with the potential to cause loss of life, injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental degradation.

Geological Hazards

Natural earth processes or phenomena in the biosphere including earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, landslides, rockfalls, liquefaction, subsidence, and fault activity.

Hydrometeorological Hazards

Natural atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic phenomena such as floods, tropical cyclones, storm surges, droughts, heat waves, and severe storms.

Biological Hazards

Processes of organic origin or biological vectors, including exposure to pathogenic micro-organisms, toxins, epidemic disease outbreaks, plant/animal contagions, and infestations.

Technological Hazards

Dangers originating from industrial accidents, dangerous procedures, or infrastructure failures, such as toxic spills, nuclear radioactivity, industrial pollution, and dam failures.

Progression of Vulnerability

A framework by Blaikie et al. (1996) illustrating how underlying Root Causes lead to Dynamic Pressures, creating Unsafe Conditions that collide with Hazards to result in Disasters.

Disaster Risk Formula

The mathematical expression used in DRR frameworks represented as $\text{Risk} = \text{Hazard} \times \text{Vulnerability}$ or $\text{Risk} = \frac{\text{Hazard} \times \text{Exposure} \times \text{Vulnerability}}{\text{Capacity}}$.

Disaster Resilience

The capacity or ability of an individual, community, or system exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate, and recover quickly from disaster impacts.

Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (CBDRRM)

A process actively engaging at-risk communities in identifying, analyzing, treating, monitoring, and evaluating disaster risks to reduce vulnerabilities and enhance coping capacities.