PSYC 212: Exam 4: Chapt 10

What defines an episode of binge-eating?

Consuming much more food than a person would normally eat in a given time, with a sense of loss of control over what and/or how much the person eats

What are compensatory behaviors?

Efforts to counteract the effects of eating

What’s the difference between purging and non-purging types?

Purging is getting rid of food (vomiting, laxatives)

Non-purging is trying to overcompensate for the calories (fasting, excessive exercising)

What are the diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa?

• Recurrent episodes of binge-eating

• Recurrent compensatory behavior

• Self-evaluations unduly influenced by body weight/shape

What are the frequency and duration for bulimia nervosa?

Averaging at least once a week, for 3 months

What are the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa?

• Restriction of caloric intake

  • Leading to being significantly underweight or

  • To quick, drastic weight loss (not from a med)

• Strong fears of gaining weight or Behaviors that interfere with weight gain

  • E.g., compensatory behavior

• Disturbed cognitions

  • Irrational perceptions of body weight/shape or dramatically overestimate their body size

  • Denial of problems caused by low body weight  or

  • Self-evaluations unduly influenced by body weight/shape

What are the subtypes of anorexia nervosa?

• Restricting subtype

• Binge-eating/purging subtype

  • Has worse outcomes

About 50% of each

Consequences of Bulimia:

• Erosion of enamel on teeth/loss of teeth

• Damage to the esophagus

• Enlargement of salivary glands

• Disturbed menstrual cycles

  • More irregular, not gone

  • Not often long-term if treated

Consequences of Anorexia:

• Amenorrhea → loss of menstrual cycle

  • May return with treatment, will likely be affected

• Difficulty regulating temperature

  • Slowing of blood flow

  • Lanugo – soft down on face/body

• Heart, kidney, & bone health problems

  • Electrolyte imbalance

    • Can lead to heart attacks and kidney failure

• High suicide risk

What is the gender difference with EDs?

Both are 10x more common in women

What are the rates of EDs in Native, White, and Black women?

Highest to lowest rates:

1. Native

2. White

3. Black (rising)

What are the Psychological Factors of EDs?

• Lack of awareness of internal cues/sensations

  • This does not return after treatment

• High need for control & perfectionism

What are the Social Factors of EDs?

• Family interactions

  • Bulimia → Rejecting, high levels of family conflict

  • Anorexia → Cohesive, low levels of family conflict

• Cultural expectations

What does treatment for Anorexia look like?

• First goal is weight gain

• Maudsley Method

  • Family therapy

  • Initially takes control away from patient

    • Reteach them healthy eating

• Lasting need for therapy

  • Distorted perceptions and fears/worries tend to remain

What does treatment for Bulimia look like?

• CBT

• Interpersonal Psychotherapy

Better outcomes than for Anorexia