[Health] Human reproduction and development

What is the Endocrine system?

It regulates the long term changes in the body

What is a hormone?

A chemical substance produced by the endocrine glands

What is the Hypothalamus?

It controls body temp, feelings of sleep/hunger

What are the Pituitary glands?

Controls growth, reproduction, and metabolism

What are the Thyroid glands?

Regulates body's metabolic rate and calcium levels

What are the Adrenal glands?

Triggers body's response to sudden stress

What is the Pancreas?

Controls blood sugar levels

What are the 3 functions of the male reproductive system?

To produce sex hormones, produce and store sperm and deliver sperm to female reproductive system

What happens in the Vas Deferens?

Sperm travels through to the seminal vesicles

What does progesterone do?

It activates changes before and during pregnancy released by the ovaries

What does LH do?

Luteinizing hormone signals testes to make testosterone and triggers ovulation

What does FSH do?

Follicle stimulating hormone signals the production of sperm

What are the 3 functions of the female reproductive system?

To produce sex hormones, eggs, and provide nourishing environments for a fertilized egg to develop

What happens during ovulation?

Egg is released from ovary (once a month)

What are fallopian tubes?

Passageways that carry eggs from ovaries to uterus

What are 4 factors that affect the menstrual cycle?

Diet, stress, exercise, and weight loss or gain

What is heredity?

The passing on or transmission of (biological from parent to child)

What are chromosomes?

Tiny structures in cells that carry information about characteristics you will have

What are genes?

Section of chromosomes that determines traits

What happens in fertilization?

Within seconds the surface of the egg changes and doesnt let anymore sperm in

What is a zygote?

United egg and sperm

What is it 9 weeks in?

Embryo

Where does the blastocyst arrive?

Arrives at the uterus (5 days after)

What does the amniotic sac do?

Cushions the embryo from shock

What does the placenta do?

Nourishes the embryo

What is the umbilical cord?

Carries nutrients and oxygen from the placenta to the embryo

What is the embryo like the first 2 months?

Major body systems and organs, beating heart, major blood vessels, kidneys, and endocrine glands

What happens in the 3rd to 6th month?

Baby begins to kick and move

What happens in the 7th to 9th month?

Size of body grows, more proportional to head, body fat accumulates

Folic acid?

Brain and spinal cord

Iron?

oxygen

Vitamin A?

Cells, bones, eyes

Vitamin bs?

Nervous system

What are the 3 stages of birth?

Labor, delivery of baby, delivery of afterbirth

How long does each contraction usually last?

30-90 seconds

How long does the delivery of the baby last?

30 minutes to 2 hours

What signals breast to start producing milk?

Changing hormones

What causes baby blues?

Changing hormones and fatigue

What is a stillbirth?

When fetus dies and is gotten rid of out of body after the 20th week

What is a surgical birth?

c-section

What is a premature birth?

Any birth before the 37th week

What is a low birthweight?

Babies born to teen mothers are at a high risk for this (less than 5.5 lbs)