exam 1 A&P practice

Anatomy is

the study of structure

An organ is

a structure composed of several tissue types

which body system carries necessary compounds like oxygen and nutrients throughout the body

circulatory

the integumentary system

regulates body temperature

what is this an example of: as body temperature rises, sweating occurs to cool the body

homeostasis

the anatomical term that means “away from the midline of the body” is

lateral

the thumb is ____ to the fifth digit (little finger)

lateral

which of the following describes the position of the nose to the mouth

superior

the shoulder is _____ to the elbow

proximal

in the expression “let your fingers so the walking,” which anatomical term could be substituted for “fingers”?

digits

which of the follow is not a function of connective tissue

contraction

what type of cell forms cartilage

chondroblast

the superficial layer of epithelium of the skin is called the

epidermis

which cells of the epidermis are part of the immune system

dendritic cells

which layer of the epidermis is found in only a few areas of the body (e.g. thick skin)?

stratum lucidum

skin color is the result of the

quantity of melanin in the skin

the dermis is responsible for

most of the skin’s structural strength

there dermal layer is closet to the epidermis is the

papillary layer

the main fibrous layer of the epidermis is the

recticular layer

when comparing the dermis with the subcutaneous layer, the dermis"L

is divided into two layers; the subcutaneous layer is not

the ____ is a major side of lipid storage in the body

subcutaneous layer

delicate unpigmented hairs that cover the fetus in early development are called _____ hairs

lanugo

at birth the hairs of the scalp, eyelids, and eyebrows are replaced by coarser pigmented hairs called ____ hairs

terminal

the portion of a hair that protrudes above the surface of the skin is the

hair shaft

the central axis of the hair is the

medulla

when the arrestor pili muscles contract what happens

“goose bumps” form on the skin

which of the following statements concerning sebaceous glandes is false?

sebaceous glands are an example of apocrine glands

the activity of apocrine sweat glands leads to

leads to body odor

body odor results from secretion from the _____ sweat glands

apocrine

role of nails”

protect the ends of digits

nail cells are produced by the

nail matrix

the most proximal portion of the nail is the

nail root

the distal portion of the nail is the

nail body

term is synonymous with the cuticle of the nail

eponchium

important functions of the skeletal system include

protection of the brain and soft organs

the cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is

osteocyte

which type of bone cell lies in a lacuna

osteocyte

spongy bone tissue contains

interconnecting plates called trabeculae

a passageway connecting neighboring osteocytes in an osteomyelitis is a

canaliculus

the covering of the outer surface of the bone is the

periosteum

interconnection rods of bone are

trabeculae

some marrow of long bones is termed “red” marrow. The function of red marrow is to:

manufacture blood cells

spaces in the bone matrix that are occupied by osteocytes are

lacunae

this sheets of bone matrix are

lamellae

the remodeling of bone is a function of

osteoblast and osteoclast activity

osteons or Haversian systems

are the basic units in compact bone tissue

bone remodeling may occur

all of the choices are correct

the primary function of osteoblasts is to

lay down bone matrix

which of the following is correctly matched?

osteoclast - responsible for resorption

some marrow of long bone is termed “yellow” marrow under normal conditions. The function of yellow marrow is to:

store adipose tissue

what is the membrane that lines the medullary cavity

endosteum

what is the area where yellow marrow is located

medullary cavity

which type of tissue covers the end of long bones

articular cartilage

when a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. which does this?

osteoclasts

osteoporosis is

a disease in adults, especially women, characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix

_____ run perpendicular to the long axis of the bone and contain blood vessels that carry blood from the medullary cavity and periosteum to the osteon

perforating canals

what is the area of long bones that allow for growth in length

epiphyseal plate

What plane divides the body left and right?

saggital

The scapula is this anatomical term from the spine?

lateral

The lungs are this anatomical term to the ribs?

deep

The oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands.

seabum

The anatomical plane used this rotational exercise? Roating left to right

transverse

The covering of the outer surface of bone.

periosteum

The pody position shown here? (facing done)

prone

The pigment that colors our integumentary system?

melanin

Specilaized cells of the dermis that aid in two point dissemination?

Meissner corpuscles

The visible part of the nail.

nail body

The plane that divides the body superior and inferior?

transverse

Area of yellow bone marrow?

medullary cavity

The layer not present in thin skin?

lucidium

These cells aid in immune function within the epidermis?

langerhans cells

These types of glands are quite active in this person.

eccrine or merocrine

Interconnecting rods of bone that make up spongy bone?

trabeculae

The portion of a hair above the skins surface?

shaft

The sternum is this anatomic term from the skull?

inferior

The smooth muscles are quite active in producing “goose bumps”

arrestor pili

The wrist is the this to the hand?

proximal

The plane that divides the body anterior and posterior?

frontal

The most suficiial layer of the epidermis.

Stratum corneum

The cell types responsible for breaking down bone matrix?

osteoclasts

The type of bone development begins with hyaline cartilage?

Endocondrial ossification

what is the most superficial layer of the epidermis

stratum corneum