9.6 Chapter Human Structure and Function

3 forms of ATP generation

Direct phosphorylation, Anaerobic glycolysis, Aerobic respiration

Direct phosphorylation

Creatine phosphate activated to regenerate ATP, provides maximum muscle power for 15 seconds

Creatine kinase

Enzyme that helps in direct phosphorylation

Anaerobic glycolysis

Pyruvic acid gathered from broken down glucose gathered from glycolysis, release small amount of ATP, pyruvic acid turns to lactic acid which is released into the blood, inefficient but fast

Aerobic respiration

Needs oxygen, Glycolysis followed by chemical reactions in mitochondria, Reactions break down glucose to water and carbon dioxide generating ATP, takes hours

Glycolysis

initial phase of glucose breakdown, Glucose broken down to two pyruvic acids, which release enough energy to form small amounts of ATP

Aerobic endurance

amount of time muscle can contract for

Anaerobic threshold

point that muscle metabolism converts to anaerobic glycolysis

Muscle fatigue

State of inability to contract

Why can muscle fatigue not be from complete loss of ATP

Muscle cells would die without ATP

Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption(EPOC)

Extra amount of oxygen the body takes in, to restore body,