Identifying Bias and its impact

Confirmation Bias

Our tendency to seek out evidence that supports our beliefs and ignore evidence that challenges them.

Principle of Charity

Interpreting others' reasoning in the best possible light before assuming bias.

Cognitive Bias

The way we naturally categorize and make sense of the world around us.

Alief

An automatic belief-like attitude that can explain how our instinctual responses can conflict with our reasoned-out beliefs.

Heuristic

A rule of thumb, a ready strategy, or a shortcut.

Representativeness Heuristic

A cognitive bias where an individual categorizes a new situation based on the nearest prototype or representative experience in their mind.

Availability Heuristic

A cognitive bias where an individual generalizes based on what is available to them rather than on what is objectively true.

Statistical Reasoning

Using data to make conclusions about a larger group.

Selection Bias

Occurs when a sample is selected in a way that is not representative of the target population.

Self-selection

A type of selection bias where individuals select themselves into a group, causing a biased sample.