8. Apnea

what is apnea?

absence of breathing for longer than 20 seconds

apnea may be accompanied by _____

bradycardia

what does BRUE stand for?

brief, resolved, unexplained event

what findings may occur with a BRUE?

apnea, color change

• muscle tone alteration

• coughing or gagging

what guides treatment of apnea in infants?

identify and treat the underlying cause (may occur with sepsis or respiratory infection)

what might cause apnea?

it may be central (unrelated to any other illness), or related to illnesses like sepsis or a resp infection

what is the first nursing action for apnea? *

gently stimulate the child to take a breath

what should the nurse do if stimulation doesn’t resolve apnea? (2nd action)

start rescue breathing or bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilation

how can the nurse help prevent apnea in a newborn?

maintain a neutral thermal environment

which medications may be prescribed for apnea?

caffeine or theophylline

what education do caregivers need for a child with apnea?

• medication use

• home apnea monitor use, if ordered

• when to notify the HCP

• CPR training