family, social, cultural, and religious influences on child health promotion

definition of family

defined in terms of the individual’s own frame of reference, values, or discipline

no universal definition

integrating concepts: biology, psychology, economics, sociology

consanguineous

related by blood

affinal

related by marriage

family of origin

born into; family in which a person is raised during childhood or adolescence

family systems (Bowen)

interaction between components and with environment

change in one part affects all

nonsummativity

open or closed

growth, change, stability

family stress

how families react to stress

events = stress

cumulative, explain/predict behaviors and adaption

developmental stages (Duvall)

8 developmental family tasks

developmental and change over time in similar ways

entering a new stage = disequilibrium

strive towards homeostasis between stages

family structure

traditional; nuclear

blended or household: step parents, half siblings

extended or household: grandparents live with

single-parent

binuclear: divorced and parents go back and forth

polygamous: multiple spouses

communal

LGBTQ+

role learning

learned through socialization

basic determinants of parenting

consistent measurements

culturally appropriate role behaviors

role structuring occurs withing family unit

response to life situations through reciprocal transactions

small families

more emphasize on individual development

intensive rather than extensive

more democratic participation

identify more strongly with parents

more autonomous control

large families

more emphasis on the group

cooperation is essential

sibling support

siblings administer discipline

more peer oriented than family oriented

authoritarian parenting style

control children; strict, high demands, rigid rules, low emotional responsiveness

“bc I said so”

permissive parenting style

inconsistent; high warmth and responsiveness, but low demands, few rules, and rare enforcement of discipline

authoritative parenting style

mix of both authoritarian and permissive

types of discipline: reasoning

explain why action is wrong

types of discipline: scolding

what they did was bad

types of discipline: positive and negative reinforcement

reward good behavior, punish bad behavior

types of discipline: corporal (physical punishment)

may teach that violence is acceptable

special parenting situations

parenting the adopted child

parenting and divorce

single parenting

parenting in reconstituted families

parenting in dual-earner families

kinship care: aunt, grandmother, etc takes care

foster parenting

cultural humility and healthcare providers contributions

address the significance of equity, fairness and caring

culturally competent care through teaching and training

culture includes social class

recognize the attributes of cultural humility