Exception Handling & Debugging

Debugging

"The process of identifying and fixing errors (bugs) in a program that cause unexpected behavior."

Error Symptoms

"Visible signs of a problem in a program

Root Cause

"The actual source or main reason why an error occurs in a program."

Fixing the Error

"Modifying the code to eliminate the identified issue and ensure correct execution."

Understanding the Problem

"Fully analyzing and reproducing an issue before attempting to fix it."

Backtracking

"A debugging method where you start from where the error occurred and trace backward to find its origin."

Debugging Tools

"Software utilities that help inspect variables

Breakpoint

"A designated stopping point in a program where execution temporarily pauses for inspection."

Stepping

"Executing code line-by-line to observe how variables and logic behave."

Binary Search (Debugging Technique)

"Dividing code into sections to systematically isolate and locate bugs."

Rubber Ducking

"Explaining code or logic out loud to better understand and discover errors."

Log Analysis

"Using log or print statements to monitor program execution and variable values."

Clustering Bugs

"Grouping related bugs together to identify common patterns or causes."

Stack Trace

"A list of method calls that were executed before a program crashed."

Exception

"An unexpected event that occurs during program execution."

Runtime Error

"An error that occurs while the program is running."

Syntax Error

"An error detected during compilation due to incorrect code structure."

Exception Handling

"The process of managing runtime errors to prevent program crashes."

Throwable Class

"The superclass of all errors and exceptions in Java."

Error Class (Java)

"Represents serious problems that a program usually cannot recover from."

Exception Class (Java)

"Represents conditions that can be handled and recovered from during runtime."

IOException

"Thrown when file or stream operations fail."

RuntimeException

"An exception detected only during program execution."

ArithmeticException

"Thrown when an illegal arithmetic operation occurs

IndexOutOfBoundsException

"Thrown when an invalid index is used in arrays

ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException

"Thrown when accessing an array using a negative or overly large index."

NoSuchElementException

"Thrown when attempting to access an element that does not exist."

InputMismatchException

"Thrown when user input does not match the expected data type."

VirtualMachineError

"Indicates that the Java Virtual Machine has run out of resources or encountered a serious failure."

OutOfMemoryError

"Thrown when the JVM cannot allocate memory for an object."

InternalError

"Indicates an unexpected internal error within the Java Virtual Machine."

try Block

"A block of code that contains statements that might generate an exception."

catch Block

"A block of code that handles a specific exception thrown by the try block."

throw Statement

"A statement that explicitly sends an exception to be handled elsewhere."

Exception Object

"An instance of an Exception class that contains information about an error."

finally Block

"A block of code that executes regardless of whether an exception occurs."

Cleanup Code

"Code placed inside a finally block to release resources such as closing files."