back and limbs muscle movements and nerve innerventions

dorsiflexion

pointing toes upwards

plantarflexion

pointing toes down

inversion

turning foot inwards

eversion

turning foot outwards

circumduction

rotating in circles

axioappendicular muscles

connects the axial skeleton to the limbs

trapezius

elevates the shoulder, depresses the shoulder, and retracts the scapula medially

latissimus dorsi

adducts humerus, extends humerus

levator scapulae

elevates scapula

rhomoid major and minor

depress glenoid fossa and retract scapula

pectoralis major

adduction of humerus, protraction of scapula, medially rotation of humerus at shoulder

pectoralis minor

holds scapula against thoracic wall

subclavius

holds clavicle against first rib

serratus anterior

protracts scapula

scapulohumeral muscles

from scapula to humerus

deltoid

medial and lateral rotation of humerus at shoulder, abduction of humerus

teres major

adducts humerus

subscapularis

medial rotation of scapula

infrascapularis, suprascapularis, and teres minor

lateral rotation of scapula

subscapularis, infrascapularis, suprascapularis, and teres minor

hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

coracobrachialis

adduction of humerus, flexion of humerus

biceps brachii

supinates forearm, flexes arm in supine position, holds humeral head in glenoid cavity (with intertubercular groove)

brachialis

flexes forearm in all positions

anconeus

extension of forearm

triceps brachii

extension of forearm

trapezius

cranial nerve 11

lattisimus dorsi

thoracodorsal nerve

levator scapulae, rhomoid major, rhomoid minor

dorsal scapular nerve (c5)

pectoralis major

lateral and medial pectoral nerve

pectoralis minor

medial pectoral nerve

subclavius

subclavian nerve

serratus anterior

long thoracic nerve

deltoid

axillary nerve

teres major

lower subscapular nerve (posterior cord)

supraspinatus and infraspinatus

suprascapular nerve

subscapularis

upper subscapular nerve (posterior cord)

teres minor

axillary nerve

coracobrachialis

musculocutaneous nerve + brachial artery

biceps brachii

musculocutaneous nerve + brachial artery

brachialis

musculocutenous nerve + brachial artery

triceps brachii

radial nerve + deep brachii artery

anconeus

radial nerve + deep brachial artery

posterior compartment

radial nerve and posterior interosseous artery

superficial anterior compartment

ulnar and radial artery

deep anterior compartment

anterior interosseous artery

pronator teres

pronate forearm, flex wrist at elbow

flexor carpi radialis

flex hand at wrist, abduct hand

palmaris longus

tense palmar aponeurosis

flexor carpi ulnaris

flex hand at wrist, adduct hand

flexor digitorum superficialis

flex phalanges 2-5

flexor digitorum profundus

flex phalanges of 2-5

flexor pollicis longus

flex thumb

pronator quadratus

pronate forearm

extensor carpi ulnaris

extend hand at wrist, adduct hand at wrist

extensor digitorum

extend phalanges 2-5

extensor digiti minimi

extend phalanges of pinky

supinator

supinates forearm

abductor pollicis longus

abduct thumb

extensor pollicis longus and brevis

extend phalanges of thumb

extensor indicis

extend phalanges of index finger

brachioradialis

flex forearm at elbow

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

extend hand at wrist, abduct hand at wrist

median nerve forearm

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

ulnar nerve in forearm

flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus

hypothenar muscle group

flexor digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, opponens digit minimi

thenar muscle group

flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

lumbricals

flex metacarpal-proximal phalanx joint, extend interphalangeal joints, evens out the speed at which fingers are flexed

lumbricals 1-2

median nerve

lumbricals 3-4

ulnar nerve

ulnar nerve of hand

flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi (hyopthenar group), medial 2 lumbricals

median nerve of hand

flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis, lateral lumbricals (LOAF)

dorsal interrosei muscles

abduct and adduct middle three fingers, adduct pinky - ulnar nerve

anterior thigh compartment blood supply and nerve innervation

femoral a, v, and n

also uses the lateral circumflex humeral a

quadriceps femoris

extend leg at knee

sartorius

flex, adduct, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint

rectus femoris

flex thigh at hip joint

iliopsoas muscle

flex thigh at hip and raises trunk when lying supine

psoas

good posture muscle

medial compartment of thigh

deep femoral a and v, obturator a and v

medial compartment nerve innervation

mostly obturator nerve

pectineus nerve innervation

femoral nerve

hamstring portion of adductor magnus nerve innervation

sciatic nerve

adductor magnus

adduct thigh at hip joint, extend thigh at hip joint

adductor brevis

adduct thigh at hip joint

adductor longus

adduct thigh at hip joint, weakly flex thigh at hip joint

gracilis

adduct thigh at hip joint

pectineus

weakly flex thigh at hip joint

obturator externus

lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint

posterior compartment blood supply and nerve innervation

perforating branches of deep femoral artery and vein, popliteal artery and vein, sciatic nerve

semitendinosus and semimembranosus

extend thigh at hip, flex leg at knee, extend trunk at hip when thigh and leg are flexed

gluteal region blood supply

superior and inferior gluteal a and v, medial circumflex femoral a and v

superior gluteal nerve

gluteus medius, gluteal minimus, tensor fascia latae

inferior gluteal nerve

gluteus maximus

gluteus maximus

extend thigh at hip

gluteus medius and minimus

abduct thigh at hip, medially rotate thigh at hip

all other gluteal region muscles - piriformis, superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, obturator internus, and quadratus femoris

laterally rotate thigh at hip and steady head of femur in hip joint

biceps femoris

extend thigh at hip, flex leg at knee

anterior leg blood supply and nerve innervation

anterior tibial a/v and deep fibular nerve

all anterior leg muscles do what action

dorsiflexion

tibialis anterior

invert foot and dorsiflexion