image production test on 3 and 4

The kinetic energy of a projectile electron can be measured in:

Joules

When producing K-characteristic, there must be a tube potential of at least?

70 kVp

When an outer-shell electron fills an inner-shell void, _______________ x-rays are produced.

Characteristic

Approximately __________ of the kinetic energy of projectile electrons is converted to heat.

99%

In the production of Characteristic radiation at the tungsten target, the incoming electron:

ejects an inner-shell tungsten electron

Which of the following does the diagram represent?

Bremsstrahlung

In the diagnostic range, most x-rays are?

Bremsstrahlung

Characteristics of the metallic element tungsten include:

1. Rapid dissipation of heat

2. High melting point

3. High atomic number

When a Bremsstrahlung x-ray is emitted:

a projectile electron is deflected

What type of x-rays are produced when an incident electron interacts with the force field of the target atom's nucleus?

A. Bremsstrahlung

B. Characteristic

C. Compton

D. Photoelectric

A. Bremsstrahlung

An electron approaching a positive nuclear charge changes direction and loses energy. This best describes ___________________ radiation production.

Bremsstrahlung

Approximately __________ of the kinetic energy of projectile electrons is converted to x-ray.

1%

X-rays that have a range of energies and form a continuous emission spectrum are called?

Bremsstrahlung

X-rays that have precisely fixed (discrete) energies and form a discrete emission spectrum are called?

Characteristic

With the use of filtration, x-ray quality is said to___________ and x-ray quantity is said to____________.

Increase, decrease

A K-shell electron is removed from a tungsten atom and is replaced by an L-shell electron. What is the energy of the characteristic X-ray that is emitted? The K-shell has a binding energy of 69 keV, and L-shell electrons are bound by 12 keV.

57 keV

X-rays are produced when:

Projectile electrons bombard the tungsten target

When a projectile electron enters a target atom and interacts with a nuclear force field:

It decreases in velocity

How is the kinetic energy of the projectile electrons streaming across the x-ray tube increased?

Increasing the kVp

There are four requirements necessary for the production of X-rays. They are: an acceleration of electrons, a sudden stopping of electrons, a focusing of electrons and ______________.

A source of free electrons

Together, the filtering effect of the X-ray tube's glass envelope and its oil coolant are referred to as?

Inherent filtration

What is the 15% rule?

a 15% increase in kVp is equivalent to doubling the mAs

What is the atomic number of the element tungsten?

74

How fast does the anode rotate in a high-capacity x-ray tube?

10000 rpm

What effect will increasing the kVp have on the production of x-rays?

Their energy will increase

Scatter radiation is a concern at lower kVp settings. TRUE OR FALSE?

False

Bone is described to be radiopaque. TRUE OR FALSE?

True

Soft tissue is described as radiolucent. TRUE OR FALSE?

True

X-ray photons travel through space at the speed of light. TRUE OR FALSE?

True

X-rays are produced inside of the nucleus of excited atoms. TRUE OR FALSE?

False

X-rays can be focused by a lens. TRUE OR FALSE?

False

What factors directly affect x-ray quality?

kVP

Filtration

Which of the following has no impact on receptor exposure?

Focal spot size

What is the primary controller of x-ray beam quantity?

mAs

Radiation that is able to cause changes in the structure of an atom is referred to as?

Ionizing

As energy increases, frequency___________ and wavelength _______________.

Increases, decreases

The lowest energy range of the electromagnetic spectrum are?

Radiofrequency

Which is NOT part of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Ultrasound

What iis the smallest quantity of any type of electromagnetic energy called?

Photon

A reduction of X-ray intensity as it passes through matter defines:

Attenuation

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency?

Inversely proportional

With the use of filtration, x-ray quality is said to _________________ and x-ray quantity is said to_______________.

Increase, decrease

Which sine wave below has the highest frequency?

C

Which sine wave below has the lowest frequency?

A

The intensity of the X-ray beam of an X-ray imaging system is measured in?

Milligray (mGya)

The ______________ is the distance from one crest to another or from one valley to another.

Wavelength

Tungsten K-shell binding energy is _________

69.5 keV

If we want a tight stream of electrons towards the target that affects spatial resolution, what do we use?

Small Focal Spot

Bremsstrahlung is a German word that means:

"slowed down radiation"

The closer to the nucleus, the stronger the ___________

Bremsstrahlung radiation

Characteristic radiation

emitted when an outer shell electron fills an inner shell void

Characteristic xrays have _____________ energies and form a discrete emission spectrum

precisely fixed (discrete)