meiosis 1 & 2 and crossing over, etc.

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13 Terms

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- Prophase I
Homologous chromosomes pair up and crossing over happens
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- Metaphase I
Homologous pairs line up randomly in the middle
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- Anaphase I
Homologous chromosomes pull apart to opposite ends
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- Telophase I
Chromosomes reach the ends and nuclei may reform
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- Cytokinesis I
Cell splits into two haploid cells
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- Prophase II
Chromosomes condense again
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- Metaphase II
Chromosomes line up in the middle
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- Anaphase II
Sister chromatids pull apart
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- Telophase II
Chromosomes reach the ends and nuclei reform
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- Cytokinesis II
Cells split into four haploid cells
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- Crossing over
Chromosomes swap pieces of DNA → new gene combinations on each chromosome
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- Independent assortment
Chromosome pairs separate randomly → each gamete gets a different mix of mum and dad chromosomes
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- Random fertilisation
Any sperm can join any egg → unique combination of genes in the offspring