CIS310 EXAM #1

Ranking initiatives, or eliminating them, can be accomplished using the following tools:

Critical Success Factors, Priority Matrix

What term specifies how information systems resources should be used and how they should work together?

Information systems architecture

The first step of the strategic planning process, which clearly identifies what the mission of the organization is, is often referred to as what?

"Know Who You Are"

Today organizations need a(n) _____, which is specifically meant to provide them with competitive advantages.

strategic information system

If an organization has been tracking data about customers, but never used that data, what phase of business planning should this be identified in?

information systems assessment

Some organizations establish a few important considerations that must be achieved for the organization to survive and be successful (achieve its mission). What is this known as?

Critical success factors

Which step in the information systems strategic planning process results in a picture of the current state of information systems resources in the organization?

Information systems assessment

Which step is the first step of the strategic planning process?

strategic business planning

In a SWOT analysis, _____ asks what creates disadvantages for the organization relative to others in their industry.

weaknesses

Another way to consider aligning strategic information systems with the information systems vision is to say that _____ .

business strategy should always drive decisions about technology

Which of the following is NOT among the top management concerns presented in the chapter?

IT personnel

One strategy a company might employ to gain a competitive advantage is to utilize software in such a way so that their product is so different from the competitor's that they have no real competition. Which of Porter's Five Competitive Forces does this represent?

Industry competitive rivalry

In a SWOT analysis, _____ asks what activities or factors could create disadvantages or troubles for the organization relative to others in their industry.

threats

What is the ultimate goal of the information systems strategic planning process?

identify strategic information systems

In a SWOT analysis, _____ asks what gives the organization advantages over others in their industry.

strengths

Your business has many competitors and therefore many alternatives exist within your industry. According to Porter's Five Competitive Forces Model what competitive force is illustrated by this example?

Potential threat of substitutes

A new Gelato business has opened next to campus, and has a Facebook and Twitter page that it monitors for customer requests, suggestions, and trends for new flavors and/or services. What strategy of the 7S framework is being implemented here?

Strategic soothsaying

Because of traffic congestion near campus, a local taxi company has purchased rickshaws to transport students around the area. This is the first company to do this at your campus. What strategy of the 7S framework is being implemented here?

shifting the rules of competition

Once managers know the main strategic goals of the organization, they need to identify the current state of information systems resources in the organization. This step is sometimes referred to as:

"Know Where You Start"

Information based businesses, such as Google and consulting firms, would use what framework that looks at activities that turn raw data into useful information?

Virtual Value Chain

What is maximizing customer satisfaction by adding value strategically?

superior stakeholder satisfaction

Which of the following is not part of the information systems resources?

competitors

Porter identified two major ways to create competitive advantages in the value chain. They are:

lower the costs of an activity, add value to the final product

Because of regulations and laws within the banking industry, what is most likely the potential threat of new entries for that industry?

Low

As you learn how to use the frameworks to identify initiatives, keep in mind that the initiatives identified need to be aligned with _____ .

information systems vision

In a SWOT analysis, _____ asks what activities or factors could help the organization get new advantages over others in their industry.

opportunities

What framework helps managers to identify all of the activities that the organization must perform to conduct its business?

Porter's Value Chain

As the owner of the neighborhood video game store, you operate as both a buyer and a supplier of new and used video games. With respect to Porter's Five Competitor Forces Model, which statement would be most favorable for your store?

you would like buyer power to be high and your supplier power to be high

The strategic planning process is _____, which requires managers to revisit earlier steps.

iterative

Microsoft decided to announce the Surface Tablet prior to releasing it. In doing so, they announced features that did not exist on other Tablet devices. What strategy of the 7S framework is being implemented here?

Signaling strategic intent

The _____ should be a broad statement of how the organization should use and manage its information systerns for strategic purposes.

information systems vision

Artificial intelligence tools can be used in organizations

All of these responses are accurate

Some individuals question how sustainable any competitive advantage a firm obtains through its initiatives is. What is the term used to describe this?

Hyper-competition

Which of the following is not a way to reduce the potential threat of substitutes?

Decreased switching costs

What are the outcomes of strategic business planning sessions?

Visions, goals, strategy

Which of the following is an advantage of the IS strategic planning process?

All of the above

The Priority Matrix allows managers to evaluate and prioritize potential initiatives on what two dimensions?

Ease of implementation, potential returns

By providing documented discussions of the advantages and disadvantages of each initiative,

overall communication inside the organization is improved

Many retail businesses plan sales based on records of events that happened the previous week, quarter, or even year. What type of data mining technique is required to retrieve this information?

Forecasting

Through which process is knowledge created when tacit knowledge is converted into explicit knowledge by developing specific concepts, models, and the like?

Externalization

There are applications for filing income taxes that ask questions of the user and then determine the best method for filing taxes. What kind of system is this?

Expert system

Spreadsheet _______________ allow you to see multi-dimensional views of the data set.

Pivot tables

Through which process is knowledge created through direct communication or shared experience?

Socialization

Statistical analysis emphasizes __________________ models, while data mining tries to ________________ the models.

Preexisting, discover

What type of knowledge resources is made up of explicit knowledge that is embodied in language, symbols, and images?

Conceptual

Machine learning often uses _______________ data to learn and predict.

Training

A storage system is _______________________ if knowledge consumers cannot retrieve the knowledge.

ineffective

Knowledge can be ___________________ by hiring knowledgeable individuals, either as consultants or employees.

purchased

A culture of _________________ can greatly enhance knowledge sharing within an organization.

Trust

A business's ability to compete depends heavily on how its __________________ apply ________________ to make decisions and solve problems.

Employees, knowledge

Intellectual property, such as patents and licenses, are considered what kind of knowledge resources?

Tacit

Skills, know-how, and emotional knowledge, are considered what kind of knowledge resources?

Experiential

What is the term for converting tacit and explicit knowledge into a form that organizational members can use?

Codifying

___________________ is the process where knowledge is created by combining externalized explicit knowledge to form broader concepts, models, and theories.

Combination

In which step of populating a data warehouse is data changed into a form that is suitable for decision support?

Transform

What type of tool represents the mental mode of an expert's knowledge?

Cognitive map

_______________________ allows individuals to communicate using both voice and video.

Voiceconferencing

Which of the following is an example of a decision support system?

A data-driven system that helps in ordering accurate amounts of toilet paper for Walmart, Entering in personal financial data into an algorithmic system to decide what car you can afford, A loan officer electronically assessing the risk of a new potential client (All of the above)

It is relatively easy to manage __________________, but managing __________________ is quite difficult.

Data, knowledge

What is the process of analyzing data to identify trends, patterns, and other useful information?

Data mining

A(n) ______________ AI system is not only self-aware, but it also has intelligence far beyond human capabilities.

Deep

What is capturing and documenting what employees and other stakeholders know and developing systems that make it easier to share and use knowledge?

Knowledge management

What type of tool shows a list of conditions and their values along with a list of conclusions or actions?

Decision table

ChatGPT, Dall-E, and Google Bard are examples of what type of AI?

Generative

____________ knowledge is hard to explain, teach, or express; while ______________ is not.

Tacit, explicit

Your group for management class is using Google Docs to work together on your project. What type of knowledge management tool are you using?

Communication-based

Machine learning often uses __________ data to learn and predict.

Training

What is the purpose of a decision support system?

To help make unstructured and some structured decisions.

In which step of populating a data warehouse is data put into the data warehouse?

Load

In which step of populating a data warehouse is data pulled from the source systems?

Extract

_______________ AI focuses on a single, relatively narrow task.

Narrow

__________________ refers to a family of technologies that approximate human cognitive abilities.

Artificial intelligence

What type of knowledge can be expressed in operations manuals, books, articles, scientific formulas, and statistical analysis?

Explicit knowledge

What type of knowledge is rooted in life experiences, values, and biases?

Tacit

Many recently-released AI tools are trained on huge volumes of data, often sourced from the internet. These models are known as ____________________________.

Large-Language Models

What term describes a simple choice among alternatives?

decision

The more __________ a decision, the more ___________ one must be in order to make an effective decision.

complex, skilled

Every day when Brandon arrives at work he must decide to either take the stairs or use the elevator to get to his office on the third floor. What type of decision is this?

structured

What type of decisions are novel and do not have agreed upon procedures for making the decisions?

unstructured

What type of control makes sure that the tasks of the organization are being conducted efficiently and effectively?

operational

Strategic planning often involves _____________ decisions because it is very difficult to anticipate the information needs of managers involved in strategic planning.

unstructured

As the amount of structure in a decision __________, the need for flexibility __________ .

decreases, increases

What involves sensing conditions and predicting what conditions will require actions?

intelligence

What is the second phase of Simon's Information Systems and Decision model which requires developing alternative approaches to bringing about the required change?

design

What is the most critical phase in the detailed decision making process?

Identify and clearly define the problem

___________ are used to determine how well each alternative meets a particular goal or requirement

criteria

When considering decision making techniques/tools, which tool requires you to evaluate each alternative against all other alternatives?

paired comparison

The _________________ uses a grid that lists all of the alternatives in the first column, and all of the criteria in the first row.

decision matrix

Which technique is widely used in business for choosing among projects or products?

decision matrix

When verifying that the solution solves the problem at hand, you must be sure that the alternative meets all __________ and best meets the _________.

requirement, goals

Information retrieval tools include database management systems, reporting tools, and ________________ tools.

document management

As a manager at your University Bookstore, you often run weekly inventory reports that give you lists of inventory on hand as well as inventory sold over the past week. The reports are run from data stored within the database management system (DBMS) of the Bookstore. What type of information retrieval tool are you using when running the report?

reporting tools

Your national office of your student organization has established a Portal for you to track news, memos, and download forms. What kind of system does this most closely describe?

Document management tools

Valerie has decided to purchase her first home. Before she begins looking at houses, she has chosen to review her budget, and has decided on a very specific number that she is comfortable with for her monthly mortgage payment. What kind of analysis has Valerie done?

Goal seeking analysis

The Institutional Research department at your university gathers data on nearly everything on campus. At first the department used spreadsheets to maintain the data, but more sophisticated statistical methods are required for the data. What type of tool does the Institutional Research department likely need?

Dedicated statistical software

After reviewing table after table of data for your marketing research project, you can no longer make much sense of most of the information. What type of tool would be able to help you uncover trends in the data?

Data visualization software

What type of control involves ensuring the efficient, effective use of resources in achieving the objectives laid out in strategic planning?

operational

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) can make decisions using predetermined rules and processes. This is an example of a(n) _________ decision of a(n) ____________ control.

structured, operational

What technique is recommended to help get to the core of the problem a company is facing?

5-whys

What is the primary benefit of having well-defined requirements?

they help you eliminate infusible alternatives early in the decision making process