INTER PERSONAL COMM MIDTERM

self

constantly evolving process rules, understanding of oneself that grows out of the processes of interacting with others and society and internalizing values and views of our identity that others reflect to us

We are born with clear understanding of who we are so

as we develop a self in the process of communicating with others

There are two perspectives that are communicated to help us find ourselves and guide how we think, act, and feel. They are

particular others and direct definition

Particular others

people who are specific to us/you are important in our lives

Direct definition

• Others tell us what we are or should be

positive defintion

smart, kind, funny

negative defintion

stupid, ugly, fat

directions defintions are

verbal

reflected appraisals

Our perception of how people see us through their indirect communication parentheses (primarily nonverbal)

identity scripts

come from expectations from parents and household/caregivers

generalized others

• Sex

• Gender

• Religion

• Race

• Class

• Beauty standards

• Height/weight

• Beauty

• age

Audience

who your around

Script

plan of action (words and actions you plan on doing)

Performance

what you actually say and do (based off script)

Audience reaction

achieving your goal

Gofman's nature of self presentation (6)

• Actor

• Audience

• Stage

• Script

• Performance

• Audience reaction

Attachment styles

sense of self; sense of others

What are the four attachment styles?

• Secure

• Anxious/ambivalent

• Dismissive

• Fearful

Secure attachment style

consistent, attentive and loving ways

Anxious/ambivalent attachment style

sometimes attentive other times rejecting/unpredictable

Dismissive attachment style

Unavailable, rejected, or disinterested to child

Fearful attachment style

caregiver communicates in negative, rejecting, or even abusive ways.

Generalized others

the general and overall society

Attachment styles developed from early on childhood interactions, impact, and by

• Culture

• Socioeconomic status

• Age

Self-serving bias

crediting ourselves with successes and blaming outside factors for our failures

Self-fulfilling prophecy

acting in a way that create the expectations or judgments about us

Perception

the active process of creating meaning by selecting organizing and interpreting people object, objects, events situation, and other phenomena

proception process

• selection

• Organization

• Interpretation

selection

paying attention enough to perceive it

Organization

categorize/cognitive schemata

The force schmata of organization are

• Prototype

• Personal construct

• Stereotypes

• Script

Interpretation

assigned meaning

• Taking a Kamata then making meaning of it

Implicit personality theory

our unconscious assumptions about what qualities fit together and human personalities

Cognitive complexity

interpretation of experience based on abstract versus concrete constructs

Sandpoint theory

Past experiences and placement in a social group, create your perceptions of the world

Fundamental attribution error

overestimating the internal causes of others behavior, and underestimating external causes

Perception is all about

past experiences and observations

language is —————- and ——————-

arbitrary and ambiguous

symbols are

random and differ from person to person

arbitrary

symbols have no necessary reason for a particular symbol to stand for a particular reference

ex of arbitrary

• literally

• ghost

• high-key

• lowkey

• slay

• tripping

ambiguous

because what they mean ins’t clear cut

ex of ambiguous

'“affordable”

( Idea of this )

Minimum wage vs. rich ppl

i language

takes responsibility and accountibility

you language

blames the other person

constitutive rules

Define how communication should be done

• Basic guidelines that define what specific words, gestures, or actions mean and what counts as a particular type of interaction

regulative rules

Define when, where, and with whom communication should occur

mneomic

A memory aid, technique, or device that helps you remember info more easily.

ex:

• PEMDAS

• HOMES

• every good boy does fine

How many types of nonverbal communication are there?

10

What are the types of nonverbal communication

• facial expressions

• kinesics

• proxemics

• haptics

• chronemics

• paralanguage

• silence

• physical appearance

• artifacts

• environmental artifacts

nonverbal communication is learned through

culture

kinesics

Body positions and motion

-including face

haptics

sense of touch - communicating power and status

proxemics

the space and how we use it

chronemics

How we use and perceive time

paralanguage

Communication that is vocal but NOT words

• tone

• loudness

physical appearence

your body and looks

artifacts

What you choose to wear

• tattoos

• piercings

• bags

• jewelry

environmental factors

like lighting, space, temperature, colors, and room arrangements

relational level

responsiveness, liking, and power

listening process

• mindfulness

• physically receiving messages

• selecting and organizing

• interpreting

• responding

• remembering

mindfulness

Being fully present in the moment

• A choice!

responding

communicating attention & interest

remembering

process of retaining what you heard or have been told

physically receiving messages

using eyes and ears to understand the message someone is communicating

selecting and organizing

choosing what messages to take in and understanding it in a meaningful way

interpreting

When you figure out what a message means

external obstacles

• noise

• message overload

• message complexity

internal. obstacles

• preoccupation

• prejudgment

• reacting to emotionally loaded language

• lack of effort

• failure to adapt listening skills

reacting to emotional loaded language

reacting to certain words, which then we fail to grasp others speech

failure to adapt to listening styles

• Different skills needed

• diverse listening styles

forms of nonlistening

• Pseudolistening

• Monopolizing

• Selective Listening

• Defensive Listening

• Ambushing

• Literal Listening

pseudo listening

Pretending to listen when you aren't actually paying attention.

monopolizing

Making a conversation all about yourself instead of letting others talk.

selective listening

Paying attention only to the parts of a message that interest you or that you want to hear.

defensive listening

Taking a message as a personal attack or criticism, even when it wasn't meant that way.

ambushing

istening carefully to collect information you can use against someone later.

literal listening

Focusing only on the exact words someone says instead of understanding their feelings, meaning, or implied message.

adapting listening styles

• Listening for Pleasure

• Listening for Information (Active Listening)

• Listening to Support Others (Empathic Listening)

• Deliberative Listening

masculine communication

TASK ORIENTED

• How can i help

• What are you gonna do

• suggesting possible solutions

feminine communication

RELATIONSHIP ORIENTED

• listening

• understanding

• interpreting