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Flashcards about GMOs and related topics.
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GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)
Any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
GMO Techniques
Older GMO techniques that involved ligases and restriction enzymes.
Glyphosate
Inhibits the enzyme EPSP, which is absent from animal genomes; used in Roundup resistant crops.
Golden Rice
Beta-carotene rich yellow rice which is a GMO.
AquaAdvantage Salmon
Has GH promoter from Ocean Pout (a cold tolerant North Atlantic fish).
Artificial Selection
Picking the best parents for desired traits.
Random Mutagenesis
Using chemicals such as ethylmethanesulfonate or UV irradiation.
Forward Screen
Identify unknown genes by starting with a phenotype of interest.
Reverse Screen
Manipulate a gene with known function and observe the effect.
CRISPR-CAS9
A genetic engineering technique in molecular biology by which the genomes of living organisms may be modified; uses Cas9 nuclease and a synthetic guide RNA to cut the target cell's genome at a desired location.
Eugenics
Aimed at improving the genetic merit of a population of humans; involves inhibiting the fertility of those considered inferior and promoting reproduction of those considered superior.