GMOs Flashcards

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Flashcards about GMOs and related topics.

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11 Terms

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GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)

Any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.

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GMO Techniques

Older GMO techniques that involved ligases and restriction enzymes.

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Glyphosate

Inhibits the enzyme EPSP, which is absent from animal genomes; used in Roundup resistant crops.

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Golden Rice

Beta-carotene rich yellow rice which is a GMO.

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AquaAdvantage Salmon

Has GH promoter from Ocean Pout (a cold tolerant North Atlantic fish).

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Artificial Selection

Picking the best parents for desired traits.

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Random Mutagenesis

Using chemicals such as ethylmethanesulfonate or UV irradiation.

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Forward Screen

Identify unknown genes by starting with a phenotype of interest.

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Reverse Screen

Manipulate a gene with known function and observe the effect.

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CRISPR-CAS9

A genetic engineering technique in molecular biology by which the genomes of living organisms may be modified; uses Cas9 nuclease and a synthetic guide RNA to cut the target cell's genome at a desired location.

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Eugenics

Aimed at improving the genetic merit of a population of humans; involves inhibiting the fertility of those considered inferior and promoting reproduction of those considered superior.

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