Ch. 9 Population distribution and movement

Dispersion

spacial pattern of distribution of individual within a population

Random dispersion

each individual has equal probability of occupying any given space in the habitat

Uniform dispersion

individuals tend to avoid other individual, spaced more evenly

Clumped dispersion

individuals more likely to be found close to each other

Dispersal

movement of individuals from one location to another location

Migration

back-and-forth intentional movements of individuals or populations between two or more locations

% persistance=

percent of former range still occupies

% expansion=

percent of former rage that has been expanded

% contraction=

percent of former range that has been lost

% net change=

% expansion - % contraction

niche: N-dimensional hypervolume

every point corresponds to a set of environmental conditions that would permit the species to exist indefinitely (Set of environmental conditions and patters of resource availability, in which a species can grow, survive, and reproduce.

Fundamental niche

potential set of environmental condition and resources in which a species can survive, grow, and reproduce.

Realized niche

potential set of environmental condition and resource in which a species can survive, grow and reproduce in the presence of competitors and predators.