Plant ecology exam 2 review

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11 Terms

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What drives global and local biodiversity?

  • global climate & weather patterns

  • geography/terrain

  • biomes


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8 types of biomes:

  • tundra

  • taiga

  • temperate forest

  • temperate shrublands

  • tropical rainforest

  • grasslands and savannahs

  • desert

  • urban


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What drives global biodiversity patterns?

solar radiation→ as the earth moves around the sun, 1 hemisphere points to the sun, sometimes its the other one


rain shadows

Hadley cells

Ocean currents

<p>solar radiation→ as the earth moves around the sun, 1 hemisphere points to the sun, sometimes its the other one</p><p></p><p>rain shadows </p><p>Hadley cells </p><p>Ocean currents </p>
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Atacama Desert

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Biomes

  • have major subunits of the biosphere that are characterized by plant cover

  • shaped by climate, temperature, and precipitation


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Species sorting

  • closely related species found in biomes due to selection by similar environmental conditions


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Convergent evolution

independent evolution of similar features in unrelated taxa

ex: caffeine, Cactaceae vs. Euphorbiaceae, CAM & C4

<p>independent evolution of similar features in unrelated taxa </p><p>ex: caffeine, Cactaceae vs. Euphorbiaceae, CAM &amp; C4</p>
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Biomes are driven by:

  • temperature

  • precipitation


<ul><li><p>temperature</p></li><li><p>precipitation </p></li></ul><p></p>
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Tundra Biome

  • arctic/alpine vegetation

  • hemicryptophytes

  • low winter & summer temps

  • short growing seasons

  • strong winds

  • low light intensity, soil nitrogen and precipitation


<ul><li><p>arctic/alpine vegetation </p></li><li><p>hemicryptophytes</p></li><li><p>low winter &amp; summer temps </p></li><li><p>short growing seasons </p></li><li><p>strong winds </p></li><li><p>low light intensity, soil nitrogen and precipitation</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Taiga biome

  • Boreal forest vegetation

  • phanerophytes

    • Picea

    • abies

    • pinus

    • larix

  • hemicryptophytes

  • low winter temps; snow cover in winter

  • short growing seasons (frost tolerant)


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