Conducting Final Written Exam Review

accelerando

Increase Tempo

adagio

Slowly

agitato

Excited, agitated

al niente

Diminish the sound to nothing

ancora

Again

animando

With growing animation. Animato, Anime, Animated

attacca

Begin the next section without pausing

Blech

Brass instruments

colla parte

In unison with another part; commonly used in jazz scores

come prima

Like the first time

con

With

da capo

Return to the beginning

Dämpfer

Mute

doppio movimento

Double tempo

en dehors

In front of; with emphases; to be clearly heard through the ensemble

Holz

Woodwinds

laissez vibrer

Let vibrate, do not dampen.

langsam

Slowly

l'istesso tempo

The same tempo

morendo

Dying away

ossia

Otherwise (refers to an alternative part)

parlante

Sung in a speaking style

Partitur

The Score

perdendosi

Gradually dying away

piacere

At the performer's pleasure

più mosso

More motion; increase the tempo

poco a poco

Little by little

presto

Very quick tempo

rallentando

Growing slower

scherzando

Playfully

schnell

Quickly, Fast

secco

Dry, Simple. In percussion: dampen; do not let ring

segue

Proceed to next section without pause. Sometimes indicates continuation of a style.

sehr

Very

sempre

Always

senza

Without

con sordino

With mute

sostenuto

Sustained

sotto voce

"Under the voice"; in a soft voice or undertone

staccato

Separated

stesso movimento

Same tempo

Stimme

Voice or voice part

stringendo

Quickening of Tempo

subito

Immediate, suddenly

tacet

Silent

tempo primo

At original tempo

tenuto

Sustained, held back

tranquillo

Calmy, Quietly

très

Very

non troppo

Not too much

tutti

All, the entire ensemble

vivace

Quickly, Lively

English Horn

P5 lower

F Horn

P5 Lower

B-flat Clarinet

M2 Lower

B-flat Trumpet

M2 Lower

Contrabassoon

Octave Lower

D Trumpet

M2 Higher

A Clarinet

m3 Lower

String Bass

Octave Lower

ictus

Defines the length of metric unit or pulse.

beat plane

Horizontal Plane, Vertical Plane

3 Fundamental Densities and Articulation

Water, Air, Molasses, Staccato, Marcato, Legato

2 Ways to Convey Dynamics

Vertical plane with the Left Hand, Size of Pattern with Right Hand.

Preparatory Gesture

Is an Invitation

Eyes/Face
Breath
Tempo
Dynamics
Articulation
Mood/Character

cue

assist performers in making precise, confident entrances.

What do we conduct?

Breath

2-beat Pattern

3-beat Pattern

4-beat Pattern

6-beat Pattern