Antigone/Sophocles Test Asselta

“God hates utterly / The bray of bragging tongues"

• Choragos → Chorus

“God hates utterly…

“"No pride on earth is free of the curse of heaven"

• Chorus → Audience

“No pride on…

“The reasonable thing is to learn from those who can teach”

• Haimon → Creon

“The reasonable thing…

"The inflexible heart breaks first"

• Creon → Antigone

“The inflexible heart…

“The man who knows how to obey / and that man only / Knows how to give commands when the time comes / you can depend on him”

• Creon → Haimon

“The man who…

“Maybe he will learn at last to control a wiser tongue in a better head"

• Tiresias → Creon

“Maybe he will…

“Numberless are the world's wonders, but none. More wonderful than man”

• Chorus → Audience

“Numberless are the…

"Is there no man left in the world, no man who knows that wisdom outweighs any wealth?"

• Tiresias → Creon

“Is there no…

"It is not reason never to yield to reason"

• Haimon → Creon

“It is not…

“A good man yields when he knows his course is wrong, and repairs the evil. The only crime is pride.”

• Tiresias → Creon

“A good man…

CREON: “I am not aware that I have ever failed to listen.” TEIRESIAS: “Then you have done wisely, King, and ruled well”

“I am not…

"How dreadful it is when the right judge judges wrong"

• Sentry → Creon

“How dreadful it…

“Good lives are made so by discipline"

• Creon → Haimon

“Good lives are…

1. Prologue

2. Parados

3. Episode

4. Stasimon

5. Exodus

elements of a Classic Greek Tragedy

1. Prologue

1 or 2 people on the stage that opens the play and establishes the play’s background

2. Parados

entrance of the chorus for the audience. They chant and walk down “this”. Establishes the mood, theme, and political attributes

3. Episode

similar to a modern act. The chorus is involved in a minor role. The development of the plot through dialogue and action. It’s between the actors

4. Stasimon

coral ode at the end of each episode

• provides mythological background

• last “one of these” is followed by the Exodus

5. Exodus

Ceremonial departure. Last scene. Final action. Ceremonial parading out

stasimon →episode →stasimon →episode →stasimon →episode →etc.

what is the pattern between stasimons and episodes

Dithyramb

coral ode in an honor of Dionysius

Paean

hymn of praise

Orkestra

circular dancing place

Choragos

leader of the chorus. Chosen by city. The guy with the most money

Tragoedia

goat song. (Characters were goat skins)

Hypokrites

name for first/lead actor. Performed at intervals

Skene

dressing room

Proskenion

main acting area. Level platform in front of the skene

Theatron

name of the place where the Greek drama is held

Hamartia

tragic flaw (usually hubris in Greek tragedy)

Catharsis

purging of emotion

1. Dressing room

2. Houses the Eccyclema

3. Facade for scenery

• was painted on the outside for scenery

4. Houses the Deux y Makina

Functions of the Skenes

Eccyclema

wagon. Used for things you cannot show (ex. bloody head, corpses, etc.)

Deux y Makina

swinging derrick back and forth to simulate things flying

Thymele

alter to the Greek God of theatre

Stoned thrones

where Dignitaries (high ranked members in society) sat

• 3 artistic festivals per year; 6th century B.C.

• The Great Dionysia

1. how many festivals were held in Athens, Greece and when

2. What was the main one called

3 mornings in March, 3 poets competed →created Tetraologies

• Tetraology = 3 were tragedies. 1 was comedy

how was the Great Dionysia laid out and what did it create

1. Wrote the plays

2. Composed the music

3. Directed and supervised

what was the competitor’s jobs of competing in the Great Dionysia

Thespis

who came up with the idea and said someone should go alone on stage →creating the ACTOR role

Aeschylus →talking on stage. DEVELOPED DIALOGUE

after the actor role was established, after 50 years, who comes up with the idea of two actors

Sophocles →fights could happen now. CREATED CONFLICT

after 50 more years, after the two actors were established, who came up with the idea of three actors

Greek Mythology

all theatre was based on something before so everyone knew what would happen. Based on…what

1. Love

2. Societal

3. Political

3 themes of of Greek Tragedies

496 BC in Colonus near Athens, Greece

when and where was Sophocles born

Golden Age

what age did Sophocles grow up in

Wrote 120. 7 survived today

how many plays did Sophocles write and how many survived today

Theban Cycle

name for Oedipus Rex, Oedipus at Colonus, and Antigone

1. Fate vs Free will

2. Pride

3. Justice and Law

Sophocle’s themes

reduced the role of the chorus. And still studied today

Sophocle’s impact

1. Aeschylus

2. Sophocles

3. Euripides

the trio of Greek Poets

The Trilogeic form →they had 3 plays, 1 plot, and 1 climax in Theban cycle

Sopholces abolished what

consists of asking a question and requiring the answer to be a question

what is the Socratic Technique of Teaching that Sophocles developed

humility

Sophocles taught that true wisdom = _______