MATH 2.0

Variable

A numerical characteristic or attribute associated with the population being studied, classified as categorical or numerical.

Nominal data

Classifies elements into categories without order or magnitude distinction.

Ordinal data

Ranks individuals based on the degree of a characteristic.

Interval data

Orders scores and establishes uniform units without an absolute zero.

Ratio data

An interval scale with an absolute zero point.

Central tendency

Allows comparison within and between data sets.

Mean

The arithmetic average of a dataset.

Mean absolute deviation

Average difference of data values from the mean.

Median

The middle point in a distribution.

Mode

The most frequent value in a dataset.

Measures of variation

Describe the spread of data.

Range

Simplest measure of variation.

Standard deviation

Quantifies data dispersion from the mean.

Quantiles

Scores divided into equal parts.

Quartile

Divides data into 4 equal parts.

Decile

Divides data into 10 equal parts.

Percentiles

Divides data into 100 equal parts.

Pearson Product

Quantifies linear relationship between two variables.