KP221: Lab 1-4 Muscles - Origin, Insertion, Blood supply, Innervation, Main Action

Subclavius

O: First rib and costal cartilage, I: Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle, N: Subclavian nerve, B: Thoracoacromial artery, MA: Depression of clavicle

Pectoralis Major

O: Clavicular head (Anterior surface of medial half of clavicle), Sternocostal head (Anterior surface of sternum), costal cartilage of ribs 1 to 6, aponeurosis of external oblique muscles, I: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (groove), N: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves, B: Thoracoacromial artery, MA: Adduction, medial rotation, flexion, extension at shoulder

Pectoralis minor

O: Ribs 3 to 5, I: Coracoid process of scapula, N: Medial pectoral nerve, I: Thoracoacromial artery, MA: Stabilize scapula, draws scapula inferiorly and anteriorly

Serratus anterior

O: External surface of Ribs 1 to 8, I: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula, N: Long thoracic nerve, B: Lateral thoracic artery & thoracodorsal artery, MA: Protraction of scapula, MA: Protraction of scapula

Levator Scapulae

O: Transverse processes of C1 to C4, I: Medial border of scapula, N: Dorsal scapular nerve, C3 and C4 spinal nerves, B: Dorsal scapular artery, MA: Elevation of scapula

Trapezius

O: Medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-12, I: Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula, N: Spinal accessory nerve, C3 and C4 spinal nerves, B: Transverse cervical arteries, MA

Rhomboid major

O: Spinous processes of T2 to T5, I: Medial border of scapula, N: Dorsal scapular nerve, B: Dorsal scapular artery, MA: Retraction of scapula

Rhomboid minor

O: Spinous processes of C7 to T1, I: Medial border of the scapula, N: Dorsal scapular nerve, B: Dorsal scapular artery, MA: Retraction of scapula

Deltoid

O: Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula, I: Deltoid tuberosity, N: Axillary nerve, B: Thoracoacromial artery, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries, MA: Flexion, medial rotation, abduction, extension, lateral rotation at shoulder

Latissimus Dorsi

O: Spinous processes of T6 to T12, thoracolumbar fascia, ribs 8 to 12, iliac crest, I: Floor of Intertubercular groove, N: Thoracodorsal nerve, B: Thoracodorsal artery, Subscapular artery, MA: Extension, adduction, medial rotation at shoulder

Teres Major

O: Inferior portion of lateral border of scapula, inferior angle of scapula, I: Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus, N: Lower subscapular nerve, B: Circumflex scapular artery, MA: Medial rotation, and adduction at shoulder

Teres Minor

O: Middle part of lateral border of scapula, I: Inferior facet of Greater tubercle, N: Axillary nerve, B: Circumflex scapular artery, MA: Lateral rotation at shoulder

Infraspinatus

O: Infraspinous fossa, I: Middle facet of greater tubercle, N: Suprascapular nerve, B: Circumflex scapular, suprascapular artery, MA: Lateral rotation at shoulder

Supraspinatus

O: Supraspinous fossa, I: Superior facet of greater tubercle, N: Suprascapular nerve, B: Suprascapular artery, MA: Abduction at shoulder

Subscapularis

O: Subscapular fossa, I: Lesser tubercle, N: Upper and lower subscapular nerves, B: Subscapular artery, MA: Medial rotation at shoulder

Coracobrachialis

O: Coracoid process, I: Middle third of medial surface of humerus, N: Musculocutaneous nerve, B: Brachial artery, MA: Flexion and adduction at shoulder

Biceps brachii

O: Short: coracoid process, Long: supraglenoid tubercle, I: Radial tuberosity, N: Musculocutaneous nerve, B: Brachial artery, MA: Flexion at elbow, supination of forearm, flexion at shoulder (long head)

Brachialis

O: Distal half of anterior surface of humerus, I: Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity, N: Musculocutaneous nerve, B: Radial recurrent artery, MA: Flexion at elbow

Triceps brachii

O: Long: infraglenoid tubercle, Lateral: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove, Medial: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove, I: Proximal end of olecranon of ulna, N: Radial nerve, B: Deep brachial artery (profunda brachii artery), MA: Extension at elbow, extension at shoulder

Brachioradialis

O: Proximal two thirds of lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, I: Styloid process of radius, N: Radial nerve, B: Radial recurrent artery, MA: Flexion at elbow when in a midpronated position

Pronator teres

O: Coronoid process and medial epicondyle, I: Lateral surface of radius, N: Median nerve, B: Ulnar artery, Radial artery, MA: Pronation of forearm

Flexor carpi radialis

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus, I: Base of 2nd metacarpal, N: Median nerve, B: Ulnar artery, MA: Flexion and abduction of hand

Palmaris longus

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus, I: Palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum, N: Median nerve, B: Ulnar artery, MA: Flexion of hand, tenses palmar aponeurosis

Flexor carpi ulnaris

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon and posterior border of ulna, I: Base of 5th metacarpal, pisiform, hook of hamate, N: Ulnar nerve, B: Ulnar artery, MA: Flexion and adduction of hand

Flexor digitorum superficialis

O: Medial epicondyle, coronoid process, oblique line of radius, I: Shafts of middle phalanges of digits 2 to 5, N: Median nerve, B: Ulnar artery, MA: Flexion of hand, flexion of proximal interphalangeal joints (digits 2 to 5), flexion of metacarpophalangeal joints (digits 2 to 5)

Flexor digitorum profundus

O: Proximal three quarters of medial and anterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane, I: Bases of distal phalanges digits 2 to 5, N: Lateral: median nerve, Medial: ulnar nerve, B: Anterior interosseous artery, MA: Flexion of hand, flexion of distal interphalangeal joint (digits 2 to 5)

Flexor pollicis longus

O: Anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane, I: Base of distal phalanx of digit 1, N: Anterior interosseous nerve, B: Anterior interosseous artery, MA: Flexion at interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal joints of first digit, flexion at wrist

Pronator quadratus

O: Distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna, I: Distal quarter of anterior surface of radius, N: Anterior interosseous nerve, B: Anterior interosseous artery, MA: Pronation of forearm

Anconeus

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, I: Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna, N: Radial nerve, B: Recurrent interosseous artery, MA: Extension at elbow

Extensor carpi radialis longus

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus, I: Base of metacarpal 2, N: Radial nerve, B: Radial Artery. MA: Extension, and abduction of hand

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, I: Base of metacarpal 3, N: Deep radial nerve, B: Radial artery, MA: Extension, and abduction of hand

Extensor digitorum

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, I: Extensor expansion of digits 2 to 5, N: Posterior interosseous nerve, B: Posterior interosseous artery, MA: Extension at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints, extension of hand

Extensor digiti minimi

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, I: Extensor expansion of digit 5, N: Posterior interosseous nerve, B: Posterior interosseous artery, MA: Extension at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints for digit 5

Extensor carpi ulnaris

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior border of ulna, I: Base of metacarpal 5, N: Posterior interosseous nerve, B: Ulnar artery, MA: Extension and adduction of hand

Supinator

O: Lateral epicondyle, radial collateral, anular ligaments, supinator fossa, crest of ulna, I: Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius, N: Deep radial nerve, B: Radial recurrent artery, MA: Supination of forearm

Extensor indicis

O: Posterior surface of distal ulna, interosseous membrane, I: Extensor expansion of 2nd digit, N: Posterior interosseous nerve, B: Posterior interosseous artery, MA: Extension of digit 2

Abductor pollicis longus

O: Posterior surface of ulna, radius, interosseous membrane, I: Base of metacarpal 1, N: Posterior interosseous nerve, B: Posterior interosseous artery, MA: Abduction and extension of digit 1

Extensor pollicis longus

O: Posterior surface of ulna, and interosseous membrane, I: Base of distal phalanx of digit 1, N: Posterior interosseous nerve, B: Posterior interosseous artery, MA: Extension of digit 1

Extensor pollicis brevis

O: Posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane, I: Base of proximal phalanx of digit 1, N: Posterior interosseous nerve, B: Posterior interosseous artery, MA: Extension of digit 1

Flexor pollicis brevis

O: Flexor retinaculum, trapezium, scaphoid, I: Proximal phalanx of digit 1, N: Deep Ulnar nerve, B: Radial artery, MA: Flexion of first digit

Abductor pollicis brevis

O: Flexor retinaculum, trapezium, scaphoid, I: Proximal phalanx of digit 1, N: Recurrent median nerve, B: Radial artery, MA: Abduction of first digit, aids in opposition of digit 1

Adductor pollicis- O: Capitate, base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, anterior surface of third metacarpal, I: Medial side of the proximal phalanx of digit 1, N: Deep ulnar nerve, B: Deep palmar arch, MA: Adduction of digit 1

Opponens pollicis

O: Flexor retinaculum, trapezium, scaphoid, I: Lateral side of metacarpal 1, N: Recurrent median nerve, B: Radial artery, MA: Opposition of digit 1

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

O: Hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum, I: Base of proximal phalanx of digit 5, N: Deep ulnar nerve, B: Ulnar artery, MA: Flexion of digit 5

Abductor digiti minimi

O: Pisiform, I: Base of proximal phalanx of digit 5, N: Deep ulnar nerve, B: Ulnar artery, MA: Abduction of digit 5

Opponens digiti minimi

O: Hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum, I: 5th metacarpal, N: Deep ulnar nerve, B: Ulnar artery, MA: Opposition of digit 5

Palmar interossei (1, 2, 3)

O: Base of metacarpals 2, 4, 5 (unipennate), I: Base of proximal phalanx, extensor expansion of digits 2, 4, and 5, N: Deep ulnar nerve, B: Palmar metacarpal arteries, MA: Adduction of digits 2, 4, 5. Assists in flexion at MCP joints, extension at IP joints

Dorsal interossei (1, 2, 3, 4)

O: Adjacent sides of all metacarpals (bipennate), I: Bases of proximal phalanges, extensor expansion of digits 2 to 4, N: Deep ulnar nerve, B: Dorsal and palmar metacarpal arteries, MA: Abduction of digits 2 to 4, flexion at MCP joints, and extending IP joints

Lumbricals (1, 2, 3, 4)

O: Surfaces of flexor digitorum profundus tendons, I: Lateral sides of extensor expansion of 2nd to 5th digits, N: 1 and 2 – median nerve, 3 and 4 – deep ulnar nerve, B: Superficial palmar arch, common palmar digital arteries, deep palmar arch, dorsal digital artery, MA: Flexion at MCP joints, extension at IP joints for digits 2 to 5