freud and sleep quiz

psych

what is the name of the approach to psychology that freud created

psychoanalysis: a theory and therapy to treat mental illnesses by investigating the interaction between the conscious and unconscious mind

what two things did freud give to the field of psychology

two basic pillars: childhood events affect us when we get older, the unconscious mind guides much of our thoughts and behaviors. he also created the idea of therapy and psychoanalysis

what are the differences between the conscious, unconscious, and subconscious mind

conscious: contains all of the thoughts, memories, feelings, and wishes of which we are aware at any given moment. this is the aspect of our mental processing that we can think and talk about rationally. this also includes our memory, which is not always part of consciousness but can be retrieved easily and brought into awareness… unconscious: a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that are outside of our conscious awareness. the unconscious contains contents that are unacceptable or unpleasant, such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict… subconscious: memories and stored knowledge

according to freud much of our behavior is motivated by

greed, sex, selfishness, etc

what are the 3 parts of our personality? which part is present at birth

id: part of the personality driven by pleasure, PRESENT AT BIRTH, babies, and is the “devil” on your shoulder. ego: job is to satisfy the id’s impulses and not offend the morality of the super-ego and take in the reality of the situation, uses defense mechanisms. superego: develops during phallic stage (3-6), driven by morality, and is the “angel” on your shoulder

what is the purpose of defense mechanisms? which part of our personality uses them? make sure you know them.

defense mechanisms help us cope and the ego uses them. denial: arguing against anxiety provoking stimuli by stating it doesn’t exist. displacement: taking out impulses on a less threatening target, ex. mom. intellectualization: avoiding unacceptable emotions by focusing on the intellectual aspects ex. at a funeral and focus on the details of the coffin, flowers, then emotions. projection: placing unacceptable impulses in yourself onto someone else. rationalization: supplying logical or rational reasons opposed to the real reason. reaction formation: taking opposite belief because the truth causes anxiety. regression: returning to a previous stage of development. sublimation: acting out unacceptable impulses in a socially acceptable ways, ex. working out. suppression: pushing into the unconscious ex. cringy thoughts, actions. repression: pullling into the unconscious

what are the stages in freud’s psychosexual stages of development? what two things are present in nearly every stage, except the latency stage? make sure you can answer questions about each stage. for example, how does a fixation in the various stages affect your personality? what is the oedipal complex? the electra complex?

NOTES

what are freudian slips? what are other possible explanations for these slips?

unintentional mistakes in speech, writing or action that is interpreted as ocurring due to the interference of unconscious motives or desires. he believes there is a deeper meaning

what is the purpose of the forms of therapy used by psychoanalysts? describe each of the 4 methods listed in your notes. how do they work? what are their pros and cons?

free association: talk therapy and gets to unconscious

hypnosis: put ppl in very relaxed state; become highly suggestable and implants ideas

dream interpretation: unconscious reveals ourselves in our dreams

projective measures: show somebody an ambiguous image and when telling a story they project what’s in the unconscious to imagine

how do neo-freudians differ from freud

1. less emphasis on sexuality; more on social drives
2. more optimistic about personal growth

what methods of research did freud use

1. single case studies
2. free association & dream analysis
3. cathartic method
4. observation/couch method
5. self analysis

how does freud define someone who is mentally healthy

a balance between the id, ego, and superego

what is the difference between rem and nonrem

rem stands for rapid eye movement. during rem sleep, your eyes move quickly in different directions. that doesn’t happen during nonrem sleep

how does our sleep change throughout the night

first comes nonrem sleep, followed by a shorter period of rem sleep, and then the cycle starts over again. the logical filter is turned off and the emotional filter is high

why is dreaming necessary? meaning how does it help us?

1/5 of the night we dream, rem sleep helps us forget things we do not need anymore. it recalls memories and events that have happened in our lives

what is the difference between a nightmare and a night terror

* nightmare is a bad dream but night terror is not a dream but a partial awakening with unusual behaviors
* nightmares occur during the rem sleep, but night terrors occur during the nonrem sleep
* a person wakes up from a nightmare, but not from a night terror (although they may have their eyes open)