Exam 2 - Vitamin B3, B5

what two structures are collectively referred to as niacin (B3)

nicotinamide and nicotinic acid

NAD and NADP are formed from niacin (B3). They work as coenzymes for _____

dehydrogenases

NAD is used in which cycles

glycolysis, krebs, Beta oxidation, ethanol metabolism

NADPH is used in which pathways

fatty acid synthesis, cholesterol synthesis, folate synthesis

the non-coenzyme function of niacin (B3) is for ____ remodeling and ___ repair

chromatin, DNA

where do most of our niacin (B3) requirements come from

tryptophan

to convert tryptophan into niacin, what cofactor is needed? which coenzymes are needed?

iron

NADPH, Riboflavin, Vitamin B6, ATP

what are some sources of niacin

enriched cereals, chicken, fish, pork

those with high protein

what is the name of niacin (B3) deficiency

pellagra

what are the 4 D's of Pellagra

dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea, death

what are the 3 M's of pellagra

meat (pork fat), meal (corn), molasses

what other vitamin deficiency is often found with pellagra

ariboflavinosis

if one is deficient in riboflavin, they cannot make niacin

who is at risk for niacin (B3) deficiency

malabs, alcoholics, HIV, chemotherapy, older

can you get niacin (B3) toxicity from dietary sources

no

supplementation of niacin (B3) can lead to toxicity. What are some s/s

gout, flushing, liver damage

what vitamin is most likely to cause gout

niacin

what is the name for Vitamin B5

pantothenic acid

pantothenic acid is part of what important structures used for metabolism of carbs, lipids, and proteins

CoA and acyl-carrier protein

what is acyl-carrier protein important for

fatty acid synthase

what are some dietary sources of pantothenic acid

meats, poultry, egg yolk, legumes, whole grains

all over

what are some ways pantothenic acid can be destroyed

freezing and cooking

what is the name for deficiency of pantothenic acid

burning foot syndrome

what are s/s of burning foot syndrom

numb toes, burning of hands and feet due to nerve inflammation, depression, fatigue, insomnia, weakness

is there a toxicity level associated with pantothenic acid

no