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What is Track Error
result of too little or too much WCA
What is TE expressed as?
Degrees or nm left or right of FPT
WCA > Drift
WCA too large
WCA < Drift
WCA too little
WCA = Drift
TE = 0
How to maintain correction for FPT & TMG?
Determine TMG
See how far you’ve wandered away (how much off track/degrees off track)
Turn so you’re going alongside path
Gently move along TMG (Intercept and maintain track)
What is 1:60 rule?
1 degree error over 60 nm = 1nm off track
Fomula for 1:60 rule?
Distance off track/Distance flown = TE (degrees)/60
Formula for CA?
Distance to go x CA = DOT x 60
Wave Characteristics depend on?
wavelength
frequency
energy of transmission
Radio Wave Propagation types?
attenuation - surface, atmosphere, ionosphere
building and obstacle reflections
static interference
refraction - coastal
DME formula
Altitude in ft/6000 = x NM over station
DME SRP
always difference of 63 Mhz between interrogation and transpondent frequencies
DME types
beacon saturation
station identification
range and coverage