NRS 1021 Exam 1 Carroll University

Compassionate Care

Compassionate care is taking care of the patient's mind, body and soul. It is making sure the patient has what they need and anticipating their future needs as well.

Science of Nursing

explains the work of a nurse & scientific knowledge (pathology, pharmacology, anatomy)

Art of Nursing

-compassionate care

-empathy

-human connection

-dedicated care

Code of Ethics

- "practice profession faithfully"

- "abstain from whatever is... mischievous"

- "shall not take or knowingly administer any harmful drug"

- "maintain and elevate the standard of my profession"

- "hold in confidence all personal matters" (HIPAA)

- "loyal and devoted towards the welfare of those committed to my care"

- Nightingale pledge

4 Humors

blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile

Critical Thinking in Nursing

-Purposeful, outcome-directed

-Essential to safe, competent, skillful nursing practice

-Based on principles of nursing process and the scientific method

-Requires specific knowledge, skills, and experience

-New nurses must question

-Guided by professional standards and ethic codes

-Requires strategies that maximize potential and compensate for problems

Mary Seacole

black nurse in Crimean war who earned respect of soldiers and staff/ tried to join nightingale

Charlotte Edith Anderson Monture

First indigenous nurse, was on the front lines for ww1

Emma Goldman

outspoken advocate for the working class and womans rights

Mary Eliza Mahorney

First licensed African American nurse

Margarethe Cammmermeyer

discharged from the US army because of being LGBTQ, don't ask don't tell policy

Lillian Wald

co founder of NAACP, focused on the public health of those who lived in tenements

Florence Nightingale

-The art and science of nursing (sanitary environment and cleaning wounds - science) (helping wounded write home to families - art)

-Major role model to nursing

Image of Nursing

-caring individuals with priorities to care and heal

-respected providers in uniforms held to high standards

-public must be shown and taught what real nursing is now

- Inferior to physicians

-Sexual stereotypes of submission and kindness

- Social media, movie and soap opera depictions

• "Naughty nurses" through beer ads and Halloween costumes

Nurses and social media

-falsely glorified, outfits, day in the life

-negative don't do their job

Burn out

-easy to do

-less likely with good nurse patient ratio

-such a high demanding career

Grand Theories of Nursing

Broad for all of healthcare

Middle-Range Theories of Nursing

derived from grand theories more specific than grand

Practice Theories

Specific Kind of nursing/field

Nursing Metaparadigm

-person- recipient of care,

environment - internal or external factors affect patient

-health degree of wellness of patient

- nursing- action/attributes of nurse

Key concepts of nursing theories

Supports development of knowledge

Explains and predicts outcomes

Supports decision making

Embeds goals and outcomes in care

Supports an understanding of nursing processes

Guide thinking about the being and doing of nursing "...provide[s] a structure for developing, evaluating, and using nursing scholarship

Hildegard Peplau Theory

(Peplaus theory of interpersonal relationships)

Making good relations with patients and nurse through values and relationships

Ernestine Weidenbach Theory

(Weidenbacks Nursing Theory)

Nurses meet the individuals needs for help through the identification of needs, administration of help, and validations that actions were helpful

Nightingale Theory

Environmental theory:

The relationship environment has with health.

promoted clean environments, manipulated environments for healing, hand hygiene.

Dorothea Orem Theory

(Self-care deficit theory)

Caring for oneself is essential for maintaining optimal health and wellbeing

Can't take care of yourself you can't take care of others

Margret Jean Watson Theory

(Jean Watsons Nursing theory of human caring)

Importance of empathy and a deep nurse patient connection to promote healing, spiritual and ethical

Virginia Henderson Theory

(Virginia Henderson's nursing needs theory)

Nurses should assist patients in preforming activities they would normally do for themselves but cannot now, 14 principles

Lillian Wald Theory

(public health nurse)

Public health nurses must treat social and economic problems and not simply just physical health.

Health care reform

-process of improving the accessibility, affordability, and quality of health care services in a country

Health care disparities

-Preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially disadvantaged population

Social determinants of health

-Non-medical factors that affect health like socioeconomic status and geographical location

Nurse to patient ratio

-establish minimum nurse to patient ratios for every hospital

-ANA supports nurse staffing ratios as a solution to solve the current crisis

-examine best practices

-Prevents burnout

Public Health

the practice of protecting and improving the health of people in a community

Theory-Guided Nursing Practice

Logic

Generalized

Testable/Past Research

Consistent w/ Observations

Different view of solving problem

4 patterns of knowing

Empirical (science), Personal (life experience), Ethical (moral), and Aesthetic (senses/observation).

+1 Sociopolitical (understanding social and political factors)

Clara Barton

Nurse during the Civil War; founder of the American Red Cross

Transcultural Nursing Theory

• Leininger -involves knowing and understanding different cultures with respect to nursing and health-illness caring practices, beliefs, and values with the goal to provide meaningful and efficacious nursing care services to people

Health Promotion Model

Directed at increasing a patient's level of well-being

Quality Care Model

The model places relationships at the core of the nursing process: relationships with patients/families, colleagues, self and community. These caring relationships, combined with evidence-based practice, empower nurses to foster cohesive teams and promote quality care.

Swanson's Theory of Caring

outlines five caring processes: knowing, being with, doing for, enabling, and maintaining belief

-deep emotional connection

Chronic Care Model

identifies the essential elements of a health care system that encourage high-quality chronic disease care. These elements are the community, the health system, self-management support, delivery system design, decision support and clinical information systems.

Peaceful End of Life

which asserts that nurses are integral to the creation of peaceful end of life care, which includes freedom from suffering, emotional support, closeness to and participation by significant others, and treatment with empathy and respect.

Eating your young

Old nurses making fun of younger nurses

ANA Nursing Ethics Principles

Nonmaleficence

Beneficence

Justice

Autonomy

Veracity