[MSK] Anterolateral/ Medial Thigh 2 (Lower Limb, Organization of the Thigh)

Weight-bearing, Locomotion/ Ambulation

Lower extremities have bigger bones that are specialized for ___

Pelvis

Bone: Connects the lumbar spine to the lower extremities

Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

3 Main parts of the Pelvis

Iliac Crest

Red

Pubis

Yellow

Ischium

Green

Head

Part of Femur

Medial Epicondyle

Part of Femur

Medial Condyle

Part of Femur

Lateral Condyle

Part of Femur

Lateral Epicondyle

Part of Femur

Patella

Fibula

Tibia

Open Fracture

Fracture defined by the exposure of a broken bone to the external environment

Iliac Crest

Most prominent part of the ilium

Iliac Crest

Largest of 3 bones that make up the pelvis

Iliac Crest

Serves as a protective bumper

Iliac Crest

Curved part at the top of the hip, which forms the wing-like part of the pelvis on which a person would rest their hands

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

A bony projection of the ilium that provides attachments for ligaments and tendons of the lower limb

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

Commonly used for surface anatomy palpation at the anterior sides of the wrist

Ischial Tuberosity

Rough bony projection at the junction of the inferior end of the ischium and its ramus

Ischial Tuberosity

Serve as origin for hamstring muscles

Ischial Tuberosity

May be palpated in the buttocks area, especially when you are sitting down

Greater Trochanter

Large, laterally placed bone mass that projects superiorly and posteriorly where the femoral neck joins the femoral shaft

Greater Trochanter

This can be felt just under the skin on the lateral side of the upper thigh during external and internal femoral rotation

Condyles

Two rounded, knuckle-like prominences at the distal end of the femur which meet at the knee joint

Condyles

Subcutaneous and easly palpable when the knee is flexed or extended

Patella

More commonly known as the kneecap

Patella

Triangular-shaped sesamoid bone located anterior to the femoral condyles

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

Ischial Tuberosity

Greater Trochanter

Pelvis

Bony connection between trunk and lower limbs

Pelvis

Bears the weight of the upper body and acts as a shock absorber during movements

Pelvis

Consists of hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx, bound together by dense ligaments

Pelvis

Considered as a basin as it protects vital structures of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems

Cartilaginous phase

Immature, unfused cartilage is considered to still be undergoing ___

Hip Bone

Also known as the coxal bone

Hip Bone

Also known as the Innominate or pelvic bone

Coxal, Innominate, Pelvic

Other names for hip bone

Acetabulum

The three hip regions (Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis) meet in and around the ___

Acetabulum

Deep socket of the hip bone

Acetabulum

Pelvic Girdle

Left and right hip bones (os coxae) are together called the ___

Scrotal swelling

Complication of Pelvis opening for Males

Femur

Longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body

Femur

Transmits weight from hip bone to tibia

Neck, Trochanter, Shaft

Parts of the Femur

Condyles

Distally, the femoral shaft flares outward, forming the ___

True

T/f: The Femur shaft cannot be palpated as it is enclosed by muscles on all sides

False

T/f: The Femur shaft may be palpated when the knee flexes

False

T/f: The condyles cannot be palpated as they are deep within

True

T/f: The condyles may be palpated

Metal rods and plates

Used to help with femoral fractures

Femoral Head Hip Replacement

This treatment is done for elderly patients with sustained hip fracture

False

T/f: In females, the angle where the pelvis meets the femur is smaller than in males

True

T/f: In females, the angle where the pelvis meets the femur is bigger than in males

Q angle

Angle between the femur and the knee

True

T/f: Q angle is larger in females

False

T/f: Q angle is larger in males

True

T/f: Developmentally, the hip bone is composed of three separate bones: the Ilium, the Ischium, and the Pubis

Pelvis

The bony connection between the trunk and the lower limbs

Condyles

Two rounded, knuckle-like prominences at the distal end of the femur which meet at the knee joint

Adductor longus

Yellow

Adductor magnus

Red

Gracilis

Blue

Anterior Muscles

Green

Posterior Muscles

Orange

Anterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Extensor

Anterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: General territory of Femoral nerve

Anterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Used for kicking

Anterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Used for extending knee

Anterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: For flexing hips

Posterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Flexor

Posterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Hamstring compartment

Posterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: General territory of Sciatic nerve

Posterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Inner aspect of the thigh

Posterior

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Used for closing thighs

Medial

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Adductor

Medial

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: General territory of the Obturator nerve

Medial

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Antagonistic to the flexors

Medial

Anterior/ Posterior/ Medial: Drawing knees together

Sciatic Nerve

Femoral Nerve

Obturator Nerve

Fascia lata

Deep fascia of the thigh

Fascia lata

Body’s natural compression stocking

Fascia lata

Iliotibial Tract

Iliotibial Tract

Iliotibial Tract

A lateral thickening of the Fascia lata

Illiotibial Band Syndrome

Inflammation of the Iliotibial Tract can lead to___

Illiotibial Band Syndrome

Illness common among runners

Illiotibial Band Syndrome

Can cause pain and tightness on the lateral side of the knee due to the inflammation of the illiotibial band

Great saphenous vein

Small saphenous vein

Saphenous vein graft

Commonly used technique for CABG

Great saphenous vein

Commonly, the conduit harvested and grafted onto the coronary vessels is the ___

Great saphenous vein

Vein that is easily harvested due to its wall characteristics and diameter