Genocides, Terrorist attacks and Global Changes im 21st Century

Genocide

The deliberate attempt to destroy completely or partly a national

Crimes against humanity

Widespread or systematic attacks against civilians including murder

How did Stalin’s regime contribute to genocide?

Joseph Stalin used forced collectivization

Dekulakization

A Soviet policy under Stalin that targeted wealthier peasants called kulaks through deportation

Holodomor

A man-made famine in Ukraine from 1932-1933 caused by Stalin’s policies that led to millions of deaths from starvation

Why did Stalin create the Holodomor?

To crush Ukrainian nationalism and force peasants to obey Soviet collectivization policies

Mao’s Cultural Revolution

A movement from 1966-1976 led by Mao Zedong to remove capitalist and traditional influences and strengthen communist control

How did the Cultural Revolution impact China?

It caused chaos

Khmer Rouge

A communist group led by Pol Pot that ruled Cambodia and carried out genocide from 1975-1979

How did the Khmer Rouge try to change Cambodia?

They attempted to create a classless agrarian socialist society by forcing people into labor camps and eliminating intellectuals and city life

Cambodian Genocide

A genocide in Cambodia from 1975-1979 in which about 1.5 to 2 million people died under the Khmer Rouge regime

Rwandan Genocide

A 1994 genocide in which Hutu extremists killed about 800

Why did the Rwandan Genocide happen?

Ethnic tensions

Uyghur People in China

A mostly Muslim ethnic minority group in China that has faced mass detention

How did the collapse of Yugoslavia lead to genocide?

Ethnic conflicts during the breakup of Yugoslavia led to ethnic cleansing against Bosniaks and Croats between 1992 and 1995

Ethnic cleansing

The forced removal or killing of ethnic groups from certain territories

Terrorism

The use of violence or threats to create fear and pressure governments or societies for political

US Embassy Bombing in Beirut

A 1983 terrorist attack in Lebanon in which a suicide car bomb killed 63 people at the U.S. Embassy

How did the Beirut embassy bombings affect the United States?

The attacks showed the growing danger of international terrorism in the Middle East

Lockerbie Bombing

A 1988 terrorist attack in which a bomb destroyed Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie

US Embassy Bombings in Kenya and Tanzania

1998 terrorist truck bomb attacks by al-Qaeda on U.S. embassies in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam

How were the 1998 embassy bombings connected to 9/11?

The attacks were carried out by al-Qaeda and helped reveal the group’s growing threat before the September 11 attacks

9/11 Attacks

Terrorist attacks on September 11

al-Qaeda

An extremist terrorist organization founded by Osama bin Laden responsible for the 9/11 attacks

Breivik Shootings

Two far-right terrorist attacks carried out in Norway in 2011 by Anders Behring Breivik

Global interdependence

A system in which countries rely on one another for trade

How does global interdependence affect countries?

Countries become economically connected and dependent on one another for goods

Specialization

When a country or business focuses on producing goods or services it can make efficiently or cheaply

Why is specialization important in the global economy?

It increases efficiency

Multinational corporations

Large companies that operate in multiple countries around the world

Apple

A multinational corporation known for producing electronics and technology products around the world

WTO

The World Trade Organization

How does the WTO help global trade?

It creates trade agreements and helps settle disputes between countries

IMF

The International Monetary Fund

Why do countries borrow from the IMF?

Countries borrow money during economic crises or when facing debt and financial instability

EU

The European Union

How does the European Union increase cooperation?

It allows easier trade

BRICS

A group of major emerging economies including Brazil

Why was BRICS created?

To increase the influence of emerging economies in global politics and economics

Transportation technology

Modern technology used to move people and goods quickly and efficiently around the world

How has transportation technology changed globalization?

It has made global trade and travel faster

Communication technology

Digital systems and devices that allow instant worldwide communication and sharing of information

How has communication technology affected the world economy?

It allows businesses

Production technology

Advanced technology used to manufacture goods more efficiently with less human labor

How has production technology changed manufacturing?

Factories can produce goods faster