Chemistry Of Life

What is the basic unit of matter?

Atoms

What are the 3 smaller subatomic particles atoms are made of.

Proton, Neutron, Electron

What are the 6 primary composed elements?

Calcium, Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

Define: Isotope

A atom that has different numbers of protons and neutrons.

Define: Compounds

Substances that consist of two or more elements

What are the two main types of chemical bonds?

Ionic bonds and covalent bonds.

Define: Ion

A element with a net positive or negative change.

Living organism are_______?

full of carbon containing compounds.

What is the process of creating larger polymers (molecules) called?

polymerization

What are the 4 main bio molecules?

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protein, Nucleic acids

What does CHO stand for?

Carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen

What are examples of Carbohydrates?

Starch, Cellulose, Simple Sugars

What is the function of Carbohydrates?

To store and release energy as well as structural support and protection.

Carbohydrates is another word for?

Sugar

What are examples of Lipids?

Fats, Oils, Waxes

What is the function of Lipids?

Store energy, cell membrane, and steroids

What is the monomer in carbohydrates?

Sugars

What is the polymers in carbohydrates?

complex carbohydrates

What is the monomer in Lipids?

Fatty acids and glycerol

What is the polymers in Lipids?

Phospholipids, glycerides

Substrate

the reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme’s active site

Product (enzyme)

the specific molecules generated when an enzyme catalyzes a biochemical reaction

Active site

the specific region of an enzyme, usually a small pocket formed by a few amino acids where a substrate binds and undergoes a chemical reaction

What is the basic structure of an atom?

Protons, electrons, neutrons

what are the nature of chemical bonds and the properties of the bonds

The forces that hold atoms or ions together, mainly through electron sharing or transfer, and their properties

What are the most commonly found elements in a living organism

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

What are the 4 main biomolecules

Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, nucleic acid

What is the function of a carbohydrate

Energy Production, Energy Storage

What is the function of a lipid

Energy Storage, cell membrane, steroids

What is the function of a protein

control/regulate, cell processes, formation of cellular function, transport substances, fight disease

What is the function of nucleic acids

Passing on genetic information such as RNA/DNA

where do proteins come from

food: plants and animals

How do enzymes interact with other molocules

Enzymes interact with other molecules specifically their substrates through a highly specific and controlled process that enables them to catalyze biochemical reactions efficiently.