Chinese I, 6-9 Grammar

得 (děi) + Verb

Have to/must do something. Example: 我得复习。= I have to review.

Verb + 得 (de) + Adjective

Describes HOW an action is done. Example: 我考试考得很好。= I did very well on the exam.

Verb + Object + Verb + 得 + Adjective

If the verb has an object, repeat it. Example: 我说中文说得很慢。= I speak Chinese slowly.

跟 + person + Verb

Do something WITH someone. Example: 我跟朋友吃饭。= I eat with my friend.

A 给 B + Verb

A does something for/to B. Example: 妈妈给我买衣服。= Mom buys clothes for me.

要是…，…就…

If X, then Y. Example: 要是我有时间，我就复习。= If I have time, I'll review.

很 / 真 / 太…了

很 = very; 真 = really; 太…了 = too/so. Example: 很难 / 真难 / 太难了.

有一点儿 + Adjective

A little/somewhat. Example: 中文有一点儿难。= Chinese is a little difficult.

就 + Verb

Something happens early/sooner than expected. Example: 他六点就吃晚饭了。= He ate as early as 6.

第 + Number + Measure Word

Forms ordinal numbers. Example: 第二个 = the second one.

怎么 + Verb

How to…? Example: 怎么写？= How do you write it?

怎么 + unexpected situation

How come/why? Example: 你怎么没做功课？= How come you didn't do homework?

Action 1 + 以后，就 + Action 2

After X, then Y. Example: 我起床以后，就吃早饭。= After getting up, I eat breakfast.

一边 + Verb 1，一边 + Verb 2

Do two things simultaneously. Example: 我一边吃饭，一边说话。= I eat while talking.

正在 + Verb

Doing something right now. Example: 我正在复习中文。= I'm reviewing Chinese right now.

已经 + Verb + 了

Already did something. Example: 我已经吃晚饭了。= I already ate dinner.

要 + Verb / 想 + Verb

Want to do something. Example: 我要买衣服 / 我想买衣服。= I want to buy clothes.

要 + Noun

Want a thing. Example: 我要水。= I want water.

不想 + Verb / 不要 + Noun

不想 = don't want to DO; 不要 = don't want a THING.

多 + Adjective

Asks "how + adjective?" Example: 多长？= How long? 多大？= How big?

多少 / 多少钱

多少 = how many/much; 多少钱 = how much money/how much does it cost?

如果…的话，…就…

If X, then Y. Example: 如果便宜的话，我就买。= If it's cheap, I'll buy it.

A 跟 B 一样 + Adjective

A is as [adjective] as B. Example: 我的衣服跟你的一样贵。= My clothes are as expensive as yours.

A 跟 B 不一样

A and B are different. Example: 我的衣服跟你的不一样。= My clothes are different from yours.

虽然…可是…

Although X, but Y. Example: 虽然中文很难，可是我很喜欢。= Although Chinese is hard, I like it.

挺 + Adjective + 的

Quite/pretty/very. Example: 中文挺难的。= Chinese is pretty difficult.