Unit 2 Vocab
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27 Terms
What is evolution?
The process of change in a species over time.
What is natural selection?
The process by which organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
What is genetic drift?
Random changes in allele frequencies in a population.
What is gene flow?
The movement of alleles between populations.
What is mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence.
What is adaptation?
A trait that increases an organism's fitness.
What is fitness in biological terms?
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce.
What is a gene pool?
The total collection of genes in a population.
What is the Hardy-Weinberg Principle?
A mathematical model used to calculate allele and genotype frequencies in a population.
What is an allele?
A variant form of a gene.
What is genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism.
What is phenotype?
The observable physical characteristics of an organism.
What are homologous structures?
Structures that share a common ancestry.
What are vestigial structures?
Structures that have lost their original function.
What is the fossil record?
The preserved remains or traces of organisms from the past.
What is comparative anatomy?
The study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species.
What is comparative embryology?
The study of the development of embryos of different species.
What is molecular biology?
The study of the molecular basis of life.
What is a phylogenetic tree?
A diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships between different species.
The process of change in a species over time is called __________.
Evolution.
Organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce due to __________.
Natural Selection.
__________ refers to the observable physical characteristics of an organism.
Phenotype.
The total collection of genes in a population is known as the __________.
Gene Pool.
Random changes in allele frequencies in a population are referred to as __________.
Genetic Drift.
A change in the DNA sequence is known as a __________.
Mutation.
A trait that increases an organism's fitness is called an __________.
Adaptation.
The study of the molecular basis of life is known as __________.
Molecular Biology.