Fundamentals of Database Systems

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and concepts from the Fundamentals of Database Systems lecture, focusing on data models, database architecture, and related terminologies.

Data Model

A set of concepts to describe the structure of a database, the operations for manipulating these structures, and constraints that the database should obey.

Database Schema

The description of a database, including descriptions of the database structure, data types, and constraints.

Database Instance

Refers to the content of a database at a moment in time, including all the data in the database.

Data Independence

The capacity to change the conceptual schema without having to change the external schemas and their associated application programs.

High-Level Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Includes languages like SQL, which are set-oriented and specify what data to retrieve rather than how to retrieve it.

Three-Schema Architecture

A framework used to describe the structure of a DBMS by separating user applications from the physical database.

Conceptual Data Model

Provides concepts that are close to the way many users perceive data; also called entity-based or object-based data models.

Implementation Data Model

Provides concepts that fall between physical and conceptual models, used by many commercial DBMS implementations.

Physical Data Model

Provides concepts that describe details of how data is stored in the computer.

Client-Server Architecture

A model where clients access server resources over a network, enabling distributed processing.

Heterogeneous DDBMS

A type of distributed database management system that allows the integration of different DBMS products.

Schema Construct

A component of the schema or an object within the schema, such as STUDENT or COURSE.

DDL

Data Definition Language, used to specify the conceptual schema and define internal and external schemas.

DML

Data Manipulation Language, used to specify database retrievals and updates.

XML

Extensible Markup Language; a self-describing data model that combines the description of data with the data values.

Relational Model

A database model proposed by E.F. Codd in 1970, dominant in development and use of database applications.

Object-Relational Model

A hybrid database model that combines the relational database with advanced features of object-oriented programming.