Anatomy and Physiology: Hair, Wound Healing, Skin Cancer, and Cutaneous Glands

What are the three main types of human hair?

1. Lanugo, 2. Vellus, 3. Terminal hair

What is lanugo?

Fine, downy hair found on fetuses and newborns.

What is vellus hair?

Fine, pale hair found all over the skin, often referred to as 'peach fuzz.'

What is terminal hair?

Coarse, long, heavily pigmented hair.

What are the functions of terminal hair?

Communication, detection, guard hairs, secondary sexual characteristics, heat retention, and UV protection.

What are the three parts of a hair follicle?

1. Bulb, 2. Root, 3. Shaft

What is the function of the hair bulb?

It is the site of hair growth.

What determines the texture of hair?

The cross-sectional shape of the hair pilus.

What causes hair color?

Pigment in the cells of the center of the pilus, primarily melanin.

What is the difference between a deep wound and an epidermal wound?

A deep wound extends to the dermis and hypodermis, while an epidermal wound affects only the epidermis.

What are the two types of wound healing?

1. Epidermal wound healing, 2. Deep wound healing.

What are the major types of skin cancer?

1. Basal cell carcinoma, 2. Squamous cell carcinoma, 3. Malignant melanoma.

What is an autograft?

A skin graft taken from the patient's own body.

What is the function of sudoriferous glands?

To produce sweat for cooling the body and releasing waste.

What are the two types of sudoriferous glands?

1. Merocrine (eccrine), 2. Apocrine.

What is the secretion produced by sebaceous glands?

Sebum, an oily secretion.

What is the common name for cerumen?

Earwax.

What condition is characterized by having extra nipples?

Polythelia.

What is the role of mammary glands?

To produce milk during lactation, activated during pregnancy.

What is hyperhidrosis?

Excessive sweating.

What is bromhidrosis?

Foul odor due to bacteria growth in sweat.

What is the primary function of ceruminous glands?

To produce cerumen, which waterproofs the ear and repels pests.

What is the significance of hair root plexus?

It contains nerves and receptors that detect hair movement.

What happens during the shedding stage of hair growth?

Hair is lost from the follicle.

What is the role of arrector pili muscles?

To cause hair to stand up (goosebumps) in response to cold or fear.

What is the difference between an isograft and a homograft?

An isograft is from an identical twin, while a homograft is from an unrelated person.