Chapter 6: Skeletal System

Hyperkinesia

Excessive movement of a body as a whole

Osteonecrosis

death of bone cells (lack of blood supply)

spondyloarthritis

Inflammation of the vertebrae (spine) and the joints

tenosynovitis

inflammation of the synovial membrane of the tendon

lumbosacral

pertaining to the region of the back that includes the spine/vertebrae, lumbar, and sacrum

arthralgia

pain in the joints

osteomalacia

softening of the bones

hypertrophy

enlargement of the muscles

syanarthrosis

a immobile, or nearly immobile joint (literally means joints are joined together so they become immobile)

discitis

inflammation of the intervertebral discs

osteoblast

cell responsible for forming a new bone

scoliosis

later curvature of the spine

synovial sarcoma

malignant tumor in the synovial membrane

arthocentensis

surgical removal of fluid from the joint

discectomy

surgical removal of the intervertebral disc

diarthrosis

freely movable joint.

Diarthrosis: COMPLETLY MOVABLE JOINT

Amparthosis: PARTIAL MOVABLE JOINT

Synarthrosis: IMOBILE JOINT

arthodesis

surgical fixation of the joint

osteopenia

condition where their is low bone mineral density

spondylosis

a degenerative disease of the intervertebral disc, joints, and suronding tissue

vertebroplasty

surgical reconstruction of the vertebra

osteoporosis

condition characterized by decreased bone mass and increased risk of fracture

Osteoporosis: porous bone becomes week and thin

hematpoeisis

production of blood cell

sarcopenia

age-related muscle atrophy (degeneration of muscle)

lumb/ar

lower back region of the spine

osetomylitis

inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

lordosis

excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar vertebral column regoin

ankylosis

fixation and immobility of a join

craniotomy

surgical incision of the skull; part of skull is removed

osteopotrosis

abnormal condition of porous bones

osteochondritis

inflammation of the joint and cartilage

amphiathrosis

a slightly mobile joint

muscular dytrophy

group of genetic disorders that cause loss or weakness of muscle mass

dyskinesia

abnormale movment of extremities, trunk, or jaw

paraplegia

paralysis of the lower half of the body

parasthesia

pins and needles sensation

atrophy vs dystrophy

atrophy: decrease/shrinking in muscle size, often due to disease

dystrophy: group of diseases characterized by muscle degenerations