Phil Ch 5

Identifying an object as something means…

you have a concept of what qualifies an object as that something

Theory of Definition

the central concern of logic with respect to the act of simple apprehension

Definition (Aristotle)

the essence of a thing

Genus

a universal that belongs essentially to many subjects that differ in species

Predication (Aquinas)

intellectual act consisting in the uniting or separating of concepts

Predicable Accident

any universal that may or may not belong to a subject while that subject remains the same in kind

Wholly Separable Accidents

separable both from the individuals that possess them and the species as a whole

Partially Separable Accidents

does not belong essentially to individuals of that kind yet it isn’t separate from all individuals of that kind

Wholly Inseparable Accidents

attributes that are not said essentially of a species and yet are never separated from individuals of that species

Predicable Property

a universal that does not belong essentially to a subject and yet belongs necessarily and exclusively to that subject- the universal belongs to the individual “through the species”

Superior Concept

smaller, more general

Inferior Concept

greater comprehension

Predicate

to say something about something; what is said of the subject

Subject

that about which you say something

Predication

to connect concepts with their meanings

If meanings belong together, you have…

truth

If meanings don’t belong together, you have

falsity

Predicables

predicate universals

Predicate Term

the universal set of a subject

Genus

the universal that relates to a subject as part of its essence (aka nature)

Specific Difference

the universal that relates to a subject as its total essence (aka complete); what makes the subject different from other subjects in the same genus

Species

the universal that relates to subject as its total essence

Property

the universal that does not relate essentially to the subject, but relates necessarily/exclusively to the subject

Property of an Animal

they don’t speak a language that is understandable to humans

Predicable Accident

the universal that may or may not relate to a subject, while the subject is what it is

Comprehension

to understand something

Extension

things that fall under that thing