T3 pe revision 2026 - sports psych

From Lotus Diagram (onenote -> exam prep)

The direction and intensity of one’s effort.

What is motivation?

Amotivation, extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation.

What are the 3 types of motivation?

Motivation that comes from within, such as enjoyment or personal satisfaction.

What is intrinsic motivation?

Motivation influenced by external rewards or outcomes.

What is extrinsic motivation?

A lack of motivation or intention to participate.

What is amotivation?

Self-talk, extrinsic rewards, goal setting and music.

What strategies can improve motivation?

Goals focused on the final result, such as winning.

What are outcome goals?

Goals focused on improving performance, such as achieving a personal best.

What are performance goals?

Goals focused on the technique or actions needed to perform successfully.

What are process goals?

Belief in oneself, someone or something.

What is self-efficacy?

What is confidence?

A person's belief in their ability to perform successfully.

The level of physical and mental alertness.

What is arousal?

A theory suggesting that performance is best at an optimal level of arousal.

What is the Inverted-U theory?

Under-aroused, optimal arousal and over-aroused.

What are the 3 stages of arousal?

They may lack energy, alertness and focus.

What can happen when an athlete is under-aroused?

Anxiety and reduced performance can occur.

What can happen when an athlete is over-aroused?

Somatic anxiety and cognitive anxiety.

What are the two types of anxiety?

A model explaining how athletes focus attention using different attentional styles.

What is Nideffer's attentional model?

Awareness of the environment.

What does attention involve?

Broad-external, narrow-external, broad-internal and narrow-internal.

What are the four attentional styles in Nideffer's model?

Focusing on many things in the external environment.

What is broad-external attention?

Focusing on one or a few specific things in the external environment.

What is narrow-external attention?

Considering many thoughts, ideas or possibilities internally.

What is broad-internal attention?

Focusing on one specific thought or idea internally.

What is narrow-internal attention?

A strategy that provides direction and focus and helps maintain motivation.

What is goal setting?

Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time-framed, Evaluated and Recorded.

What does SMARTER stand for?

Visualising one aspect of performance or a skill.

What is visualisation?

Imagining the performance from your own perspective.

What is internal imagery?

Imagining the performance as if watching yourself from outside your body.

What is external imagery?

A visualisation model: Physical, Environment, Task, Timing, Learning, Emotion and Perspective.

What is the PETTLEP model?

The messages your brain receives and your body believes.

What is self-talk?

Thoughts inside your head and words spoken out loud.

What are two forms of self-talk?

Positive cue words, thought stopping and trigger words.

What are self-talk strategies?

Build confidence, reduce anxiety and create positive emotions.

What can positive self-talk do?

Actions performed immediately prior to completing a task.

What is a pre-task routine?

To prepare physically and mentally, reduce anxiety and regulate arousal.

What is the purpose of a pre-task routine?

It should be short, practised and refined until it becomes habitual.

What are characteristics of an effective pre-task routine?

Practising actions that mimic the task while under pressure.

What is rehearsing under pressure?

Identify, Match, Practice, Ascertain, Create and Train.

What is the IMPACT model?

To develop and train effective pre-task routines.

What is the purpose of the IMPACT model?

Short words or phrases used to provide direction and focus.

What are cue words?

It can reduce anxiety, build confidence and develop automatic responses.

What is the purpose of visualisation as a strategy?