Engineering Utilities 2 & Engineering Management Midterm Review

Vocabulary flashcards generated from the Engineering Utilities 2 and Engineering Management midterm review notes, covering plumbing systems, HVAC, fire protection, sanitary drainage, decision-making, planning, organizing, and staffing principles.

Plumbing

The art and technique of installing pipes and fixtures to supply pure water into buildings and safely discharge liquids, gases, and waste out of buildings.

Sanitary

The state of being clean and free from infection or disease.

Republic Act 1378

The Plumbing Law of the Philippines, approved as House Bill 962 in 1954 and ratified by President Ramon Magsaysay on June 18, 1955.

Revised Plumbing Code of 1999

The updated plumbing code of the Philippines approved by President Joseph Estrada on December 21, 1999.

Plumbing Cycle Flow Path

The unidirectional flow of water through seven continuous stages: Source, Supply, Distribution, Use, Collection, Disposal, and Treatment.

Domestic Water Sources Comparison

A comparison matrix classifying Rain Water, Natural Surface Water, and Ground Water based on their collection methods, key advantages, and key disadvantages.

Dug Well

A shallow well constructed manually, approximately $15\,m$ deep.

Bored Well

A shallow well constructed using a mechanical auger, seldom driven below $15\,m$ deep.

Jetted Well

A well constructed using extreme water pressure, applicable only in relatively soft ground.

Driven Well

A well constructed by driving a pointed pipe directly into the ground.

Drilled Well

A well constructed for deep operations that can reach depths up to $1000\,m$.

Gate Valve

A full-way valve used strictly to completely open or close a water line without regulating flow, best suited for main supply lines with infrequent operation.

Globe Valve

A valve that controls fluid flow rate via a movable spindle and can reduce water pressure, featuring only one side as an inlet.

Check Valve

A valve that automatically operates to prevent backflow or the reversal of fluid flow in a pipeline.

Angle Valve

A valve that functions like a globe valve but changes flow direction by $90^\circ$, reducing required pipeline joints.

Foot Valve

A retention valve positioned at the lower end of pump suction lines to prevent the loss of pump priming.

Plumbing Appliance

A special class of device whose operation depends on energized components such as motors, heating elements, or sensors to perform a specific plumbing function.

Plumbing Appurtenance

A manufactured device or assembly serving as an adjunct to basic piping and fixtures that demands no additional water supply and adds no discharge load.

Plumbing Unit

A standard quantity cluster of plumbing fixtures comprising 1 water meter, 1 water closet, 1 lavatory, 1 shower head and drain, 1 kitchen sink, 1 laundry tray, 3 floor drains, and 4 faucets or hose bibbs.

Roughing-In

The installation phase of all internal piping and fitting parts completed prior to setting the physical plumbing fixtures and accessories.

Siphon Washdown

The least expensive and noisiest water closet design, having a small standing water area and high susceptibility to staining and fouling.

Siphon Jet

A water closet design featuring a submerged jet that introduces water underwater for quiet operation and maintains a large standing water surface.

Siphon Vortex

A water closet design that produces flushing action through diagonal holes around the rim, generating a swirling vortex at the center.

Reverse Trap

A water closet design with a rear-positioned trapway to eliminate the front bulge, providing quiet operation and a large water surface.

Flush Valve

A tankless toilet flushing mechanism activated by direct line water pressure, requiring a high operating pressure between $69\,kPa$ and $138\,kPa$ ($10\text{ to }20\,psi$).

Compressor

An air conditioning component that circulates refrigerant under pressure, converting low-pressure gas to high-pressure gas to concentrate heat.

Condenser

An air conditioning component that transforms hot refrigerant vapor into a liquid by releasing its heat to an external medium.

Expansion Valve

An air conditioning component that reduces high-pressure warm liquid to low-pressure cold liquid via a metered orifice without extracting heat.

Evaporator

A cooling coil component that absorbs indoor room heat into liquid refrigerant, causing the refrigerant to evaporate into gas.

Air Handling Unit (AHU)

Central system equipment that conditions and distributes air by managing heating, cooling, humidification, dehumidification, and filtration.

Chiller

A central AC plant component where chilled water is cooled by the evaporator before being circulated to AHU cooling coils.

Passive Fire Protection Systems

Built-in structural measures designed to slow fire spread and aid egress, including fire-resistant materials, fire walls, fire doors, and evacuation plans.

Active Fire Protection Systems

Fire safety mechanisms requiring manual or automatic operational triggers, including fire detection sensors, alarms, and suppression equipment.

Fire Tetrahedron

The four elements necessary for fire combustion: Oxygen, Heat, Fuel, and the Chemical Chain Reaction.

Class A Fire

Fires occurring in ordinary combustible materials such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and plastics.

Class B Fire

Fires involving flammable or combustible liquids, petroleum greases, tars, oils, solvents, lacquers, and flammable gases.

Class C Fire

Fires involving energized electrical equipment.

Class D Fire

Fires involving combustible metals such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, lithium, and potassium.

Class K Fire

Fires occurring in commercial cooking appliances involving media like vegetable or animal oils and fats.

Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP)

The central control unit of an FDAS that monitors initiating devices, processes incoming data, and outputs signals to notification appliances.

Heat Detector

An automatic fire initiator that triggers when ambient room temperature exceeds a fixed threshold or experiences a rapid rate of temperature rise.

Smoke Detector

An automatic fire initiator that senses suspended combustion particles in the air, cutting occupant mortality risk in half.

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detector

An electronic initiator utilizing an electrochemical cell to detect carbon monoxide buildup without reacting to standard smoke particles.

Conventional System

An FDAS network topology where branch cabling links groups of hardwired detectors and call points in baseline zones back to the control panel.

Addressable System

An FDAS network topology where each connected device possesses a unique numerical address, enabling the main panel to identify the exact device location.

Intelligent System

An advanced FDAS architecture where every sensor contains a micro-computer to analyze local conditions and communicate operational data to the FACP.

Wireless System

A cabling-free FDAS configuration using secure radio frequency communications to connect initiating and notification devices to the central panel.

Soil Pipe

A drainage pipe line that receives organic discharge specifically from water closets.

Waste Pipe

A drainage pipe line that conveys discharge from non-toilet fixtures such as sinks, lavatories, urinals, and tubs.

House Drain

The lowest horizontal drainage piping within a building that receives discharge from vertical stacks and terminates $0.6\,m$ ($2\,ft$) outside the foundation wall.

House Sewer

The main drainage conduit extending from the end of the house drain to the public main sewer or a private septic tank.

Drainage Fixture Unit (DFU)

A load calculation metric equivalent to a wastewater discharge rate of $7.5\text{ gallons per minute}$ ($28.3\text{ liters per minute}$).

Trap Seal

The maximum vertical height of liquid retained in a trap, measured between the crown weir and top of the internal dip.

Common Seal

A standard trap seal configuration possessing a vertical water depth of $2\,in$.

Deep Seal

A trap seal configuration possessing a vertical water depth between $3\,in$ and $4\,in$ to minimize evaporation loss over time.

Stack Vent

The vertical extension of a soil or waste stack above its highest horizontal drain connection, extending out through the roof.

Vent Stack

A primary vertical ventilation pipe installed to relieve backpressure in the drainage system, terminating at least $3\,ft$ above the highest fixture branch.

Solvent Welding

A chemical joining process that uses solvent cement to melt and fuse plastic pipe surfaces together into a permanent joint.

Concentric Reducer

A symmetrical pipe reducer that narrows evenly around the centerline, but poses a risk of trapping air pockets that lead to cavitation.

Eccentric Reducer

An asymmetrical pipe reducer with one flat side parallel to the pipeline, preventing air accumulation and preventing cavitation.

Structured Decision-Making Models

A comparison matrix categorizing decision models (Rational Model, Bounded Rationality, and Intuitive Field Model) based on operational track, data requirements, project scale, and risk profile.

Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Score

A decision matrix equation that computes the final optimization score as $\text{Total Score} = \sum (\text{Option Rating} \times \text{Criterion Weight})$.

Planning Level Hierarchy

A three-tier organizational planning framework dividing decisions into Strategic Planning, Tactical Planning, and Operational Planning.

Process Definition in Organizing

The structural organizational pathway connecting project elements in order: Project Work -> People -> Roles -> Authority -> Coordination -> Results.

The 80-Person Project Rule

An organizational principle stating a single Project Manager cannot directly supervise 80 subordinates and must implement a hierarchy: Project Manager -> Construction Manager -> Site Engineers -> Foremen -> Laborers.

Project Organizational Structures

A matrix comparing Functional, Projectized, and Matrix organizational structures across main focus, primary strength, main limitation, and project suitability.

Delegation Matrix

An organizational grid layout that maps each Position directly to its Major Responsibility, Decision Authority, and Reporting Line.

Recruitment Selection Process Flow

The sequential candidate evaluation workflow comprising Application Screening, Interview, Technical Assessment, Reference Checking, and Hiring Decision.

Staffing Lifespan Behavior

A framework tracking the deployment and variation of primary engineering personnel needed across each consecutive project phase.

Job Analysis

The diagnostic evaluation process that identifies the underlying duties, responsibilities, qualifications, required competencies, and performance expectations of a specific role.

Job Description

The formal written document detailing a position's title, reporting hierarchy, daily duties, operational responsibilities, minimum qualifications, and baseline competencies.