Med Im - Magnetism/ Electromagnetism

What is the definition of magnetism?

The ability of certain materials to attract iron, cobalt, and/or nickel

What is the definition of a dipole?

Electrons spinning in 1 direction, creates 2 poles with a magnetic field

What is the definition of a domain?

Tiny atomic magnets align, creating an organized group

A magnetic field has lines of force traveling in space called ____

Flux

Inside the magnet, the lines of force travel from _____ to _____

South to North

What are the characteristics of magnetic fields?

1. Attraction

2. Repulsion

3. Distortion

What are the 3 laws of magnetism?

1. Every magnet, even if it’s only a charged particle has a North and South pole

2. Like poles repel, unlike poles attract

3. The force of attraction or repulsion varies directly to the strength of the poles + indirectly to the square of the distance between them

Magnetic field strength is measured in what units?

Tesla (T)

What are the types of magnets?

1. Natural

2. Artificial

3. Electromagnets

What are the 4 magnetic classifications of matter? Name, definition, example

1. Nonmagnetic - unaffected by a magnetic field, wood, glass

2. Diamagnetic - weakly repelled from both poles, water

3. Paramagnetic - weakly attracted by both poles, Gadolinium

4. Ferromagnetic - strongly magentized, iron, cobalt

Who described the idea that flowing electricity in a conductor produces a magnetic field?

Hans Oersted

Who discovered the effect of inducing current in a wire by exposing it to a magnetic field?

Michael Faraday

Self induction is based on the concepts introduced in what law?

Lenz’s Law

Describe the proccess of magnetic mutual induction

When a ferromagnetic material is brought near a strong magnetic field, the lines of induction are altered by the attraction and the material is made temporarily magnetic

What is the definition of elecromagnetism?

Describes how electrons are given electric potential energy (voltage) and how electrons in motion create magnetism

Who first established the principle of electromagnetism?

Hans Oersted

Explain the “Right-Hand Rule”

Describes the direction of the magnetic field lines around a wire carrying a current. Your right thumb pointing up is the current flow, and the fingers around the wire are the magnetic field lines flowing counterclockwise

Describe conventional flow and how it is different from modern electron flow

Conventional: positive flow- flows positive —> negative

Electron flow: opposite- negative —> positive

Define electromagnetic induction

The process of generating an electric current/ voltage in a conductor by exposing it to a changing magnetic field

What scientist first described the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction?

Michael Faraday

What are the 2 types of induction?

1. Electromagnetic

2. 
   

Which type of electric current creates a fluctuating magnetic field?

What is the definition of polarity?

Describe Lenz’s Law